THE SUBCULTURE IS EXTREMELY SIGNIFICANT IN THE CHILD'S STATE OF PREPAREDNESS FOR LEARNING AT THE TIME OF ENTRY INTO SCHOOL. HIS SELF-CONCEPT, LEVEL OF ASPIRATION, MOTIVATION, AND OVERALL APPRECIATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS AND ITS GOALS ARE PRODUCTS OF HIS ENVIRONMENT. THE SUBCULTURE OF THE NEGRO HAS BEEN, AND STILL IS, CHARACTERIZED BY…

The line between public and private expression of religion requires balancing the constitutional guarantee of the free exercise of religion and the constitutional prohibition against the establishment of religion. Public schools, as government entities, and the teachers in them are allowed neither to inhibit the free exercise of religious…

A widely held argument is that organizations such as the European Community will only succeed if an identification with these organizations develops; and the EC creates this identification. This, in turn, is supposed to diminish identification with national and sub-national regions. Based on this argument, some testable propositions are suggested…

A 1973 evaluation of the Emergency School Assistance Program (ESAP) showed that it was effective in improving the academic achievement of tenth grade black male students. This study further analyzes this important result with the aim of finding useful information for the operation of the Emergency School Aid Act (ESAA) which replaced ESAP. Several…

The original evaluation of the effect of Emergency School Assistance Programs (ESAP) in the second year, indicated that black male tenth graders in schools receiving the emergency aid did significantly better on a test of academic performance than did similar students in non-funded comparison schools. No program effects were reported for other…