In this article, I trace a shift in Confucian scholars' interpretations about the idea of "learning for one's self" vs. "learning for others" from "the Analects": a shift from the philological interpretation to the philosophical one. Despite its defect, most Neo-Confucians accepted the philosophical interpretation,…

While previous research has examined outcomes related to academic rigor, mixed findings have resulted from differing conceptualizations of rigor as well as varying methodological approaches. Defining rigor as those in-class practices and assignments that require students to engage in deep learning and demonstrate cognitive complexity, we use…

Policy documents in science education suggest that even at the earliest years of formal schooling, students are capable of constructing scientific explanations about focal content. Nonetheless, few research studies provide insights into how to effectively provide scaffolds appropriate for late elementary-age students' fruitful creation of…

Vygotsky speculated that parents play an important role in the intellectual development of their children, and that this role includes the transfer of expectations related to their children's academic achievement. Consequently, different parents can produce different contexts of academic achievement for their children. The participants were 215…

A study was undertaken to determine the Piagetian stages of intellectual development of a group of Saskatchewan high school students. Results confirmed that the percentage of students at the final substage of formal thought was less than 50 percent, indicating serious problems. (JC)

An attempt to lend empirical support to the structure-of-intellect (SI) model by investigating 10 difficult to separate parallel factors. (Author/CK)

Children were tested on the WPPSI and Stanford-Binet and after three years they were tested on the WISC. Results indicate that the WISC scores were significantly higher than the two other tests. The results of the various subtests of the three tests are compared and discussed. (SE)

The Perceptual Analysis Kindergarten Test is based on the rationale or thesis that learning is hierarchical. The test is used to help determine the level of the child in the hierarchy so that a remedial program can be devised to bring the child up to the level where he can develop the associative conceptualization required to be able to learn in…

Asserts that concern for academic success across the curriculum should extend beyond raising test scores. Contends that in the wake of the terrorist acts of 9/11/01, issues of public security and civil liberties present an opportunity for teachers to teach the Constitution and its amendments in an effort to fight citizen ignorance. (SD)

ON THE BASIS OF SEVERAL ASSUMPTIONS STEMMING FROM THE PRIMARY ONE THAT "INTELLECT IS DEVELOPED RATHER THAN INHERITED," OBSERVATION TECHNIQUES WERE DEVELOPED TO OBTAIN A MORE COMPLETE AND ACCURATE DESCRIPTION OF STUDENTS' CHARACTERISTICS AS LEARNERS, PARTICULARLY SINCE INTELLECT "OPERATES IN A CONTEXT OF EMOTION THAT (INTELLIGENCE)…

Discussed are issues involved in testing the mental abilities of nonWestern, nonurban ethnic groups. Within this context the paper reviews conceptions of intelligence and intellectual potential, prediction under fixed and adaptive conditions, the question of environmental influences, and some formal test factors. Examples are drawn from African…