The cognitive reserve hypothesis helps to explain the incomplete relationship between brain disease and cognitive status in people with neurologic diseases, including Alzheimer's; disease and multiple sclerosis. Lifetime intellectual enrichment (estimated with education or vocabulary knowledge) lessens the negative impact of brain disease on…

We evaluated over 200 participants semiannually from 12 to 48 months of age on measures of intellectual (Bayley Scales, Stanford-Binet Scale) and verbal (MacArthur-Bates Inventory, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test) status. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical linear (growth curve) analyses were applied to address the nature of development…

THE OBJECTIVE WAS TO TEST TWO HYPOTHESES--(1) DAY CLASS TRAINING WOULD PRODUCE DESIRABLE CHANGES IN THE BEHAVIOR OF THE TRAINABLE MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN OVER AND ABOVE THOSE WHICH RESULT WHEN THE CHILD REMAINS AT HOME AND HAS NO TRAINING IN A SCHOOL SETTING, AND (2) SCHOOL PLACEMENT OF SUCH CHILDREN WOULD PRODUCE DESIRABLE CHANGES IN THE HOME…

Found no correlations between types of play behavior and speech measures, that identification of objects upon verbal request was not related to any type of play behavior, and that comprehension of verbal requests for functional or representational play was positively correlated with the display of such play. Journal availability: J. B. Lippincott…

Suggests categorization of words as an alternative to traditional word study. (MKM)

Reports on Project Muse, Hunter College, New York, which has explored ways of using the camera in the teaching of reading. (NH)

This article discusses a study designed to determine the order of acquisition of the two expressions "in front of" and "behind," using two featureless objects. (CFM)

A study of children's recognitory comprehension, the rudimentary ability to begin decoding the content of language, at the end of the first year had as subjects 36 infants aged 10.5, 11.5, and 12.5 months. In an examination of monthly developmental change in their ability to comprehend newly introduced referential terms, the children were exposed…

COMPETENT LITERACY EDUCATION INVOLVES THE CONTINUOUS DIAGNOSIS AND CORRECTION OF DEFICIENCIES. THROUGH FORMAL AND INFORMAL DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES AND OBSERVATION, TEACHERS LOCATE SPECIFIC NEEDS AND DEFECTS AND THEN APPLY SPECIFIC TECHNIQUES TO MEET THOSE NEEDS AND CORRECT OR WORK AROUND THOSE DEFECTS. TO HELP TEACHERS LOCATE TECHNIQUES APPROPRIATE…

A MANUAL DESIGNED TO ASSIST TEACHERS IN THEIR EFFORTS TO IMPROVE THE READING SKILLS OF THEIR STUDENTS IS PRESENTED. IT IS BASED ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT READING CAN AND SHOULD BE TAUGHT AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE INSTRUCTION IN ALL SUBJECT AREAS. THE STUDENT SHOULD LEARN TO DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN FACTUAL READING, IMAGINATIVE READING, INTERPRETATIVE…

Describes a thinking skills program in Oklahoma that has brought about a significant rise in achievement test scores. Teaching strategies are based on the premise that students learn new things based on the resemblance between new and familiar words and ideas. (TE)