This study explores the intersection of human intelligence and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to design knowledge-in-use science assessments for supporting students' deep science learning. In the context of evolving educational paradigms, it seeks to harness AI tools (GPT), to enhance knowledge-in-use assessment design, ensuring equitable…

Background: Children with reading difficulty exhibit deficits in multiple cognitive areas (e.g., language skills, working memory, processing speed). Therefore, evaluation of reading difficulty typically includes assessment of both academic functioning and general intelligence (IQ). Although the IQ construct is considered robust in the general…

A large percentage of teachers in U. S. public schools are White. In contrast, most students in U. S. public schools are students of color. The racial imbalance results in a cultural mismatch creating a cultural gap between teachers and the students of color they are assigned to teach. Although teacher preparation programs produce teachers with…

The beneficial effects of nature and natural environments have been extensively researched and the findings generally support that nature and natural environments can reduce stress and improve cognitive function. To evaluate if self-reported stress levels are reduced, or if cognitive functions are enhanced among adult learners in the presence of a…

The purpose of this nonexperimental quantitative study was to research Illinois K-5 leadership skills using the research-based paradigm created by the School Leader Collaborative to determine which, if any, self-reported strengths were more impactful from principals' and superintendents' perspectives. The focus included the paradigm's three…

Semantic illusions are recognition errors that occur when an individual fails to notice that information contradicts their prior knowledge (Barton & Sanford, 1993; Erickson & Mattson, 1981). For example, after hearing the question, "If a plane crashes while flying over state lines, where should the survivors be buried?" many…

This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of reading aloud using theme-based material on the change from baseline to study endpoint in Crystallized Intelligence (Gc) of first grade students (Kaufman & Kaufman, 2004). A total of 39 students (19 male, 20 female) from two districts in a Midwestern state were recruited to participate. To…

Increasing demographic changes present teachers with the opportunity to educate diverse learners. The opportunity has associated challenges, such as cultural gaps between teachers and students and persisting academic performance gaps. The general problem addressed by this study was that teachers often report feeling unprepared and unequipped to…

School psychologists use intelligence and academic achievement test scores to understand individual differences in abilities that may be directed towards learning and the learning that has already occurred. To make ethical and effective decisions regarding individualized educational programs and interventions, test users must understand the…

While there is high demand for university computer science (CS) courses, students often struggle when learning to program. Prior work has identified that student perceptions of their programming ability may contribute to these challenges. For example, studies show that students often perceive that they do not belong, are not capable of succeeding,…

Inclusion has been a hot topic in education since 1975 when the Education for All Handicapped Children Act was passed (Public Law 42) to ensure the educational rights of students with disabilities. A hermeneutic phenomenological approach was used to examine how general education teachers' beliefs about disability and intelligence impact their…

This research study aimed to investigate the critical role of maternal mindsets and the feedback provided by mothers in shaping their children's beliefs about intelligence and abilities when they faced academic challenges and failures. Grounded in the growth-mindset theory, which posits that intelligence is not fixed but malleable and can be…

Technology and data have become integral components of the higher education landscape. These tools and stores of information are readily available to staff, administrators, and faculty. Despite this permeation of technology and data, there remains opportunities for growth and gaps in usage, particularly in the critical work of academic advising.…

This study created and validated the Early Language Leadership Attitude instrument in order to understand elementary principals' attitudes towards early start language programs in the state of Connecticut. The Early Language Leadership Attitude instrument assesses attitudes towards early start language programming with 8 items. The 5-point Likert…

The cybersecurity landscape in the United States has rapidly evolved, marked by risk and novel threats (Georgescu, 2021; Siraj et al., 2021). Today, security mindsets are "widely accepted in the computer security community as … essential … for successful cybersecurity practice" (Peterson, 2021, para. 1), valuable to aspiring…