In comparison to young adults, middle-aged and old people show lower scores in intelligence tests and slower response times in elementary cognitive tasks. Whether these well-documented findings can both be attributed to a general cognitive slow-down across the life-span has become subject to debate in the last years. The drift diffusion model can…

The focus of this study was on gifted adults' perceptions of multigenerational giftedness in their families. Participants have been surveyed annually since their high school graduation in 1988. The purpose of the longitudinal study is to gain insight into the career and life development of gifted individuals post-high school. For the present…

Examines age-related predictive relationships among an array of psychometric intellectual ability markers and text recall performance. Women from three age groups (ranging from 21 to 78 years) read and recalled four narratives at three delay intervals and completed a battery of intellectual ability tests. (Author/CB)

Although attention has been given to the intellectual functioning of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) relative to their non-ADHD peers, few studies have examined intellectual functioning in adults with ADHD. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine differences in intellectual ability between adults with…

Investigates intellectual differences among high-fit young and old and low-fit young and old adult men before and after an exercise program. It is not clear from this study whether improvement in cognitive functioning with exercise is due to physiological or psychological changes or both. (Author/CC)

A protocol for screening the complex verbal, simple verbal, simple visual, and spatial working memory was tested on 125 persons with mild, moderate, and severe mental retardation. Results found the test discriminated well between levels of mental retardation, correlated reasonably well with IQ, and possessed relatively good test-retest…

The replication, with 192 adults, of research concerning implicit intelligence theories suggested a simpler model of implicit theories than that proposed by R. I. Sternberg et al (1981). Using a sorting procedure, a second study (N=88 undergraduates) showed that people distinguish intelligent and unintelligent behaviors without distinguishing…

Obtained a hierarchical factor solution on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) subtest intercorrelations for the nine age groups included in the standardization sample. Findings support the validity of the WAIS-R as a measure of general intelligence and the validity of maintaining separate Verbal and Performance IQs. (Author)

Naval recruits attending a remedial reading program were compared to regular recruits on verbal, nonverbal, demographic, and eye-hand laterality measures. Verbal intelligence scores on the General Classification Test differentiated best between the two groups. Findings on race and laterality factors are also discussed. (Author/SJL)

The Revised Wechsler Memory Scale, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale subtests, and Halstead-Reitan battery were factor analyzed. Five types of memory were isolated: immediate verbal, recent verbal, recent figural, figural learning, and verbal learning storage. Loadings of memory and nonmemory tests indicate a closer relationship between some of…

A study of 18 Down Syndrome and 18 other mentally retarded adults found evidence of a significant erosion of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children scores from the third to fourth decades of life. The Block Design subtest was especially vulnerable to performance decline with age in the Down Syndrome adults. (Author/JDD)

Interviews with 21 high-functioning adults with autism and 20 mildly to moderately mentally retarded adults without autism indicated that the mentally retarded group had more sexual experiences, with no intergroup differences in sexual knowledge or interest. Intelligence quotient was positively correlated with knowledge scores and males had…

This article describes the theory of successful intelligence and how it can be applied to gifted education. It discusses the inadequacy of notions of IQ or general ability for fully characterizing intellectual giftedness and presents evidence in favor of the statistical validity and usefulness of the successful intelligence theory. (Contains…

This article discusses how giftedness is currently defined and presents an alternative view based on a balance theory of wisdom. The theory is described as a useful way of conceptualizing wisdom. Sources of differences in wisdom and the need for development of wisdom as a form of giftedness are addressed. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)