Stanford Binet: Fourth Edition (SB:IV) assessments have been collected longitudinally for 195 individuals with Down syndrome. This article discusses individual assessments which were selected for their ability to highlight major concerns that practitioners need to consider when interpreting intelligence test scores with this population. In this…

Several common assumptions about human intelligence are challenged in this paper. The "bucket" theory of intelligence describes intelligence as a stable psychological characteristic which affects learning, and which, when accurately measured, predicts an individual's learning capacity. The authors reject the idea that people who have…

Thorndike's Stanford-Binet data suggest that from 1932 to 1971-72 preschool children enjoyed greater IQ gains than older children, possibly due to the rise of television. Additional analysis indicated that gains were either due to sampling error or totally antedated 1947. Gains of 12 IQ points were found for Americans. (Author/EGS)

Examined Shipley-Hartford Scale effectiveness in predicting Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Full Scale intelligence quotients (IQ) in hospital patients (N=156). Analyses revealed overestimation of below average Full Scale IQs, underestimation of above average IQs. Advanced age was associated with low conceptual quotients, suggesting that…

This study examined patterns of nonverbal intelligence test performance of 11 preschool children with and 12 without specific language impairments. The study found group differences in relations among nonverbal cognitive skills. Results suggest caution in using nonverbal intelligence tests normed on nondisabled children with children having…

Scores of 38 learning-disabled college students on the revised Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-R) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) were compared. Results indicated significant correlations between the tests, though subjects tended to obtain higher scores on the WISC-R than on the WAIS-R. (Author/DB)

This study compared working memory in 28 high-functioning autistic individuals (ages 7-18) with that of 30 individuals with Tourette Syndrome or typically developing. No group differences were found. Performance was significantly correlated only with age and IQ. Results suggest that working memory is not an executive function seriously impaired in…

The test-retest reliability and predictive validity of developmental quotients (DQs) derived from the Cattell Infant Intelligence Scale was assessed with 83 children with mental retardation, age 30 months or more. Scores were impressively stable on retest. DQs derived from the Bayley Scales of Infant Development were superior to Cattell DQs in…

Aspects of intellectual function were investigated in a school age sample of 17 Fragile X individuals, employing the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Revised). The general ability of the sample was substantially below normative average because of the significantly poorer performance by males than females. (Author/DB)

The position that intelligence and achievement are essentially different measures of the same construct has often been referred to as a "jangle fallacy." Such a position challenges the present practice of placing children in learning disabilities programs based on a discrepancy between Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and achievement. This…

Estimated age-adjusted Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised intelligence quotient (IQ) scores using linear regression techniques and continuous norming of two samples of psychiatric inpatients (total N=150) in Veteran's Administration hospital. Results support use of estimation procedure in clinical and research settings desiring brief but…

This response argues that Linda Siegel's paper (EC221505) confuses measures of intelligence with predicted achievement, calls for doing away with the construct of learning disabilities rather than the discrepancy definition model, and overlooks the need to determine which students qualify for special educational services for treatment of learning…

This paper presents a theoretical model illustrating L. Siegel's revisionist conceptualization of learning disabilities and then presents an alternative underachievement model. The paper argues that the alternative model applies standard regression procedures which would lead to a more appropriate definition of learning disabilities and applies…

Comparison of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)-Revised and WISC III IQs for 64 students with specific learning disabilities and 55 students with mental retardation (MR) found that correlations were lower than those reported in the WISC-III manual. Only Performance IQs for students with MR matched the correlations reported in the…

This critique of a paper by Linda Siegel (EC221505) challenges Siegel's assumptions on the relationship of Intelligence Quotient to learning disabilities as being unacceptable and non-literature-based, and points out that discussion of Intelligence Quotient cutoffs may be moot given that 49 states employ no cutoff for learning disabilities. (JDD)