The author reviews the literature and makes tentative conclusions concerning the physiological correlates of learning and memory. Particular attention is given to the issues of spinal cord learning, subcortical learning, cerebral cortex learning, localization of learning within the brain (specificity vs. non-specificity), and association areas…

The study coded the communicative expressions (using manually coded English) of five 3-year-old deaf children while interacting with their mothers. A large proportion of the expressions consisted of social or imperative intentions while a much smaller proportion were used for heuristic or informational purposes. (Author/DB)

Findings suggest that humor facilitates the recall of incidental but not intentional learning. (MB)

In two experiments, undergraduates did/did not create a maplike representation while learning a passage, and were either forced to study the map, instructed to study, or given no map prior to reading. Free-recall data showed that forced map study benefited learners with low vocabulary scores. (Author/GK)

Since the learning from it is mainly unconscious, the hidden curriculum is morally suspect as a violation of pupils' basic rights to decide what they wish to study and to be aware of the forces influencing them. It is the school's task to raise the hidden curriculum into pupils' consciousness. (Author/SJL)

When 40 organically mentally retarded, 33 familial retarded, and 35 nonretarded school-age children were compared on 2 tasks of intentional memory, with mental age being covaried, the nonretarded children performed best, followed by the familial group. The 3 groups did not differ on a task of incidental learning. (Author/JDD)

In response to Gresham and Elliott (1989), who concluded that a social skills deficit should not constitute a learning disability, this paper claims that current definitions allow for including social skills deficits. They propose limiting the definition of learning disabilities to intentional learning contexts, thus excluding social skills…

After expanding on the definition of advance organizers as proposed by David Ausubel, this paper offers possible reasons for the lack of strong empirical support for the use of the strategy. It then cites examples of the successful use of advance organizers with learners from nursery school through college and in a variety of disciplines. The…

The question raised in this study was whether schizophrenics' recall deficit can be ameliorated if appropriate encoding behaviors are experimentally induced. (Editor)

Four kinds of learning are the basis for most of the discussion in this paper: direct-application learning, basic skills, background knowledge, and personal learning. (Author/CB)

Effect of instructional conditions on the nature of memory errors was studied using a false recognition procedure. (Authors)

Experiment was an attempt to explore the use of instructional objectives as directions that describe the relevant instructional content in written discourse to subjects. (Authors)