Explores the use of negotiation or intervention by a third party in resolving conflicts. The article first examines two different models--mutual gains and concession-convergence--that have emerged for the understanding of negotiation and then discusses the roles and functions of outside intervenors. (GLR)

Reports that the conceptual and empirical distinctions between symbolic racism and "old fashioned" prejudice have been exaggerated. Symbolic racism may be best understood as one symptom of generalized tendencies to derogate outgroups' tendencies associated with personal attributes that reflect commitments to conservative sociopolitical…

Reviews research which has demonstrated an own-race bias in recognition accuracy. Analyzes the impact of differential recognition on the criminal justice system, focusing on the construction of fair lineups and the likelihood of misidentification of innocent persons. Evaluates several explanations to account for this bias and relates findings to…

Provides an initial statement of generic principles deemed effective for addressing protracted social conflicts between identity groups. These principles are compatible with certain values for societal organization and approaches to social change, raising questions of value differences between intervenors and the host culture(s). Three case…

Intermarriage is an especially sensitive indicator of the permeability of ethnic boundaries; a survey of the marriage records of Japanese Americans in Fresno, California indicates that both the pattern of intermarriage and the rate of intermarriage have changed noticeably in the last decade. (Author/JM)

Examines dilemmas caused when people seek to extend their moral community beyond themselves and their blood relations. Discusses limits of a moral community. Explores the entitlements included in an extended moral view. Discusses how this extension is achieved and who decides outcomes. Comments on when responsibility ends. (JS)

Unlike the social insect, man is profoundly ambivalent in his social role: the behavioral dispositions which produce complex social interdependence and self-sacrificial altruism must be produced by culturally evolved indoctrination, which has had to counter self-serving genetic tendencies. (Author/JM)

Isolates and tries to explain a phenomenon called the altruistic paradox, which refers to the fact that mankind individually and collectively can be both cruel and kind at one and the same time. (Author/JM)

Argues that the anxiety people experience when interacting with outgroup members is based on prior contact, prior intergroup cognitions (e.g., prejudices), and situational factors. Discusses intergroup anxiety generally and presents data from Hispanic students indicating that such anxiety is associated with low levels of contact with outgroup…

Asks whether or not there is a need, which emerges inescapably during the course of human development, to identify some people as allies and others as enemies. In answering this question, it describes the potential for moral splitting within everyone, and the circumstances that activate this potential. (Author)

Examines the effects of group membership on group members' concerns about justice. Two types of effects are hypothesized to exist: inclusionary and exclusionary. Inclusionary effects involve the relationship between groups and their members. Exclusionary effects involve the relationship of groups to nonmembers. Data indicate that inclusionary…

Examines the need for affirmative action, investigates why it may be needed in terms of contemporary racial attitudes, and considers ways of reducing intergroup conflict and tension surrounding this issue. It argues how affirmative action is more effective than passive equal employment opportunity policies and discusses policy and research…

Explores the effects of layoffs on work behavior and attitude of employees not laid off. Study results indicate that survivors become more withdrawn from their jobs if they believe management handled the layoff unfairly, and these tendencies are more evident if layoff victims were included in survivors' scope of justice. (JS)

Details a systematic pattern of abridging procedural justice that excludes Haitians from the community of justice. Discusses the flight of the Haitian boat people. Explains how the U.S. denies due process to Haitians. Discusses the policy of deterrence. Explains how national security is used as the motive for denying asylum to Haitians. (JS)

Reviews research on instructional methods designed to operationalize the principal elements of Allport's contact theory of intergroup relations. These cooperative learning methods, which employ ethnically mixed learning groups who are rewarded for learning as a group, have had positive effects on intergroup relations and on the academic…