Student democratic participation in schools is often limited to involvement in school councils with associated dangers of tokenism and speaking for others. There is limited space for students to have a voice in what is learned due to mandated state curricula and scepticism about student capacity, even though consultation with students about…

The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) recently had its 30th anniversary. Emerging from the United Nations General Assembly in 1989, it has since become the most ratified international human rights treaty ever. Most European countries ratified it and are thus obliged to ensure the implementation of children's rights in practice.…

In post-conflict societies, such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, education is recognised as a key factor in reconciliation. Yet the 1995 Dayton Peace Agreement set in process arrangements that mean that Bosnia and Herzegovina's three constituent ethnic groups (Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs) are educated separately. This paper examines students' right to…

"Insults, lies, and whale blood" should be the title for the latest international dispute involving the icy waters of Antarctica. Although this placid and remote area of the world seems to be the last place one might expect to encounter an intense debate between opposing cultures, the dispute is creating a worldwide legal stir that…

Does rhetoric have a place in the discourse of human rights? Without certain reply, as the dilemmas of defining, claiming, and promoting human rights appear both to include and exclude the rhetorical gesture, this question invites inquiry into the preface of the contemporary human rights regime, the moment of the aftermath that provokes a struggle…

This article features the University for Peace (UPEACE), an international academic institution that was created as a Treaty Organization within the framework of the United Nations (Resolution 35/55-1980) to support the central peace and security objectives of the United Nations. UPEACE has carried out postgraduate programs since its inception in…

Offering lifelong and developmental learning to over 13 million students at nearly 1,200 schools, community colleges in the United States attract a student body with remarkable economic, ethnic, and cultural diversity. They provide students with skills and foundational knowledge upon which successful professional careers and rewarding personal…

This article follows the activities of Nicholas Murray Butler's involvement in the peace movement at the turn of the century. Butler, a college administrator, statesman, Republican politician, and friend of big business, belonged to the peace-through-internationalism approach and believed in working within the domestic system. (JMK)

This paper describes two attempts to utilize a conflict resolution approach in academic settings. The approach includes: (1) the significance of the structure of communication between parties in conflict; (2) the understanding of face-to-face interaction processes; (3) problems of perceptual distortion; and (4) political socializations. The…

Peace education is defined and curriculum design suggested, with the major objective being to implement a rule of law among nations. (JB)

First in a series of articles about American Indian treaties, this article briefly discusses the historical background of treaties and their importance today. (NQ)

Six authors, viewing from their particular expertise, express the need to nurture and develop humanization qualities in children through global education. (SM)

The Charter of the United Nations is divided into 19 chapters. Following a preamble, Chapter I outlines the purposes and principles of the organization; Chapter II, the membership; and Chapter III, organization. Chapter IV describes the composition, functions, powers, and voting procedure of the General Assembly. Chapter V outlines the functioning…

The purposes of the report are to assess international rules currently available for compulsory settlement of environmental disputes and to describe a basis for jurisdiction by United Nations agencies over disputes not covered by existing rules. A history of international concern with the environment since the Stockholm Conference on the Human…

The role of communication in conflict and conflict resolution is the focus of the items listed in this two-part extensive bibliography. Entries are arranged alphabetically and are listed under the following five categories in each section: intrapersonal and interpersonal conflict, group and societal conflict, organizational conflict, political and…