Greenfield's subjectivist approach to the construction and interpretation of social reality is examined and applied to school organizations in an attempt to demonstrate that such organizations may be advantageously viewed as entities constructed and sustained by ideas in people's minds. The path to understanding schools and their administration…

This article attempts to trace the evolution of the concept of international mindedness from the 17th century until the present, using four aspects to focus the discussion: education and other trends, ease of interaction across frontiers, determinants of international mindedness, and international mindedness in practice. Education trends start…

The paper commences with an attempt to define multicultural education (also referred to as intercultural education) with reference to its historical development and current uses of the term. The rise of international schools is then addressed as a necessary preamble to a definition of international education from an historical perspective; a…

The article focuses on students' exposure to intercultural understanding in a number of educational settings. The effect of that exposure depends very much on the nature of the schools, the programmes they offer, and their location. It also depends on the "nature" of the students and how that affects their interaction with the school and its…

Briefly describes the little-known ISA international primary education and its link with Desmond Cole-Baker. Also details contributions of UNESCO and other organizations to the continuing development of the International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Programme from 1960 to the present. (Contains 19 references.) (AUTH/NB)

Documents the history of the development of the International Baccalaureate (IB) program. Reports that the International Schools Association (ISA) created the International Schools Examination Syndicate (ISES), which produced the first draft profile of an IB diploma program in 1964. Offers a brief biography of Desmond Cole-Baker, who was…

Reviews the history of international education from 1950 to 1962. Covers early proposals for international programs and university entrance qualifications, the founding of United Nations International School, and the development of the European Baccalaureate. (Contains 18 references.) (NB)

Outlines the history of the international education movement, from the inception of the International School of Geneva in 1924, to UNESCO's contributions to international education in the 1940s, to the founding of the Conference of Internationally Minded Schools in 1951. (Contains 13 references.) (NB)