The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of adaptive leadership on pre-service teacher's efficacious beliefs in the learning organizations of professional development schools during the internship practicum. Teacher efficacy was based upon Tschannen-Moran and Hoy's (2001) Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale which included three sub-scales:…

Four individual studies investigated the effect of mentor teacher leadership characteristics on student intern efficacious beliefs. The leadership characteristics embodied four separate leadership related theories: transformational leadership, authentic leadership, leader-member exchange theory, and servant leadership. Teacher efficacy was based…