To date most models of empowerment have focused on teachers' personal empowerment, which is defined as intrinsic task motivation reflecting an employee's orientation to his or her work role. Interestingly, little scholarly attention has been turned to the interaction of empowerment and work-team membership, that is, to empowerment acquired from…

Research on the learning transfer process from T-group interpersonal skills training programs in business, education, and institutional settings has been generally positive, but has been mixed when examined in encounter and personal growth groups. The learning transfer process from a personal growth group experience was investigated to determine…

This participation training (PT) study sought to determine whether microlabs (short training sessions) and instrumented (data based) exercises reduced the time needed to learn desired PT verbal behaviors; whether participant satisfaction is affected significantly; and whether any unusual problems in content, procedure, or group process arise from…