Development of a shame-based identity, also known as "toxic shame," can significantly interfere with an adult's ability to form an intimate relationship with another. As adults find peace from their past using transactional analysis and mental imagery, they learn to empower themselves to form healthy, intimate relationships.

Testing and pseudotesting based on observations of patterns of motivated behavior are the two concepts discussed in this article. (Author)

Reprints from: George Parker, Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712.

This paper presents a concept of what a counselor is: a listener; a sensitive, tuned, instrument, a human being, risking oneself again and again in human encounters in which positive gain for the counselee must still reflect the personal dispositions of his own being. (KJ)

Examined model of therapeutic control, which posited that control indices can be described by 3 independent dimensions, through audio-recorded meetings of 26 clients. Rated audiotapes with 5 different control-coding schemes, and aggregated resulting sequential ratings with 3 different methods, yielding 15 different behavioral-control indices.…

Study results indicate that counseling educators should consider the possibility that counselors' and counselees' learning styles have some influence on interview behavior. The finding that impulsive and constricted counselees tended to engage in similar amounts of leading behavior suggests the need for additional research. (Author)

Forty-nine college males rated need for achievement. Eight conditions were defined by (1) two male interviewers, (2) expert or inexpert interviewer introduction, and (3) expert or inexpert interviewer performance. Results were: (1) subjects perceived interviewers as intended, (2) subjects in expert conditions changed ratings more between the first…

This paper contrasts the behavioral and non-behavioral approaches to counseling, particularly the interview process. A brief discussion of basic theoretical assumptions is included. In behavioral counseling, the relationship can best be characterized as collaboration, and unlike non-behaviorists, the behavioral counselor can assist his client to…

Suggests ways in which counselor can relate to those whose personalities and failures make them difficult to "like . (CJ)

Discusses counseling dialogue in religious context, but applicable universally. Successful encounter stresses reception, acceptance, listening, understanding, prudence. Focuses on importance of reflective, rather than directive counselor response. (CJ)

FURTHER ANALYSES OF DATA COLLECTED IN AN EARLIER STUDY (ED 002 992) WERE CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE EFFECTS OF SELECTED GROUP COUNSELING FACTORS INCLUDING (1) RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CLIENT GROWTH AND TOPICS DISCUSSED IN GROUP COUNSELING SESSIONS, (2) EFFECTS OF GROUP COMPOSITION ON COUNSELING GROUP INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIORS, AND (3) WAYS OF MEASURING…