In a Rosenthal-type experimental situation, this study found that Ss high in need for approval demonstrated a significant susceptibility to E expectancy effects, while low-approval motivation Ss did not. (Author)

The purpose of this investigation was to study the verbal behavior of counselors emitted in response to different emotional dispositions of clients. Aggressive amd submissive client "stimuli" were the focus of study. Two members of a college drama group, trained in the role of a submissive and an aggressive client, respectively, were interviewed…

Empathy has been hypothesized as a mediator facilitating prosocial behaviors such as altruism. Definitions and measures of empathy disagree as to the extent to which the observer's response is affective and the necessity for the observer to understand the other's point of view. A conceptualization of empathy which includes these considerations has…

Three major factors influence actions of abused wives: (1) the less severe the violence, the longer a wife remains; (2) the more a wife was struck as a child by her parents, the more likely she is to remain; and (3) the fewer resources a wife has the more likely she is to stay. (Author)

Various definitions of shyness are suggested that denote shyness as overt bits of behavior, an intervening variable, and an experimental state. Describes a definition of shyness in global and specific forms, and constructs a theory of the causation, modifiability, and prevention of shyness. (Author)

Investigates in a controlled setting effects of a suicide threat. Produced greater self-rated anxiety and tension, greater physiological arousal, and an increase in the likelihood that the subject would talk to the stimulus person about suicide, death, or dying. (Author)

Differences in responsiveness to social reinforcement associated with the race and socioeconomic status of a person are interpreted in terms of his expected outcomes and his scale of evaluation of outcomes. (JM)

Studied interactions between 40 elderly nursing home residents and their social partners. Results showed discrepant social contingencies for different resident behaviors, i.e., dependent self-care behaviors received continuous supportive responses, where independent self-care behaviors, obstructively engaged and nonengaged behaviors received no…

Self-care children were compared with control children in adult care to investigate whether self-care (latchkey) arrangements have negative consequences for children. On several measures of children's social and psychological functioning, no significant differences were found between two matched samples. (Author/DST)

This study investigated patterns of procrastination in the domains of health, relationships, employment, and creative outlets in 19 former Westinghouse Science Talent Search winners, age 32 years. A model was synthesized from the available literature and an interview schedule of 14 open-ended items was developed to elicit self-assessments of…

A study was done to investigate the relationship between a selected set of personality dimensions and the propensities of supervisors to use varying levels of both positive and negative reinforcements. Data were collected during exercises involving 129 male undergraduate business students carried out in a behavioral laboratory wherein a…