For years, educational practitioners and decision-makers have encouraged teachers to implement a balanced literacy approach in class. However, the effects of balanced literacy on the reading comprehension of students from different backgrounds have not been carefully examined in the current literature. Using the large data sets from the 2016…

The knowledge and skills that are required for radiological image interpretation are not well documented, even though medical imaging is gaining importance. This study aims to develop a comprehensive framework of knowledge and skills, required for two-dimensional and multiplanar image interpretation in radiology. A mixed-method study approach was…

Discusses such errors in transcribing real time in spoken discourse as inconsistent use of transcriptional conventions; use of transcriptional symbols with multiple meanings; measurement problems; some cross-purposes of real-time transcription; neglect of time between onset and offset of speech and silence transcription; and transcriptions that…

Lists and discusses the most prominent forms of interlingual transfer and the subtle relationships that exist between the various types. Argues that proximity and situationality are important factors which may come to play a more prominent role in future work in translatology. (HB)

Discusses the diverse and complex tasks of foreign language interpreters in the courtroom, focusing on the current legal status of interpreting in U.S. federal and state courts, the need for court interpreters in light of demographic changes and trends, and the different modes of interpretation used in courts. (47 references) (CB)

This paper examines the relation between literacy and children's understanding of a set of concepts referred to as the "say/mean distinction," which is the notion that what a text says contrasts with subjective interpretations a reader or listener brings. (Author/MT)

Presents a consumer's viewpoint of problems inherent in the use of interpretation to get deaf class members into the stream of vocally expressed communication, focusing on the kinds of misunderstandings that can arise when one language is expressed in the three dimensions of space and the other has only the dimensions of speech. (38 references)…

A brief summary of research findings which support the hypothesis of scriptal knowledge structures in children and which indicates that children use such structures in ways very similar to those of adults is provided in this paper. Research reveals that when children as young as three are asked to tell what they know about events, they tend to…

Presents a discussion of the difficulties involved for clinicians in the interpretive process with parents involved in a divorce-custody evaluation. The interpretive hour with the parent not recommended for custody entails particular problems that are not experienced around recommendations for separation of a parent and child under other…

Despite the international concern for having books available to children and the fact that thousands of books for children are being published in numerous languages, relatively few of these books are being translated into English. One of the reasons that publishers are reluctant to produce books in translation is the complex nature of the…

The author reviews several perspectives on the relationship between the composer and the performer of a musical work. Specifically, he examines the boundaries of that relationship, seeking to define the extent to which the performer may creatively interpret a work without violating the composer's intentions or established musical tradition. (SJL)

Recounts a method for advancing from literal to more subtle interpretations of language in literature. (HTH)

Examines three categories of psychological processes which determine how easily a table can be used: comprehension processes, search processes, and interpretive and comparative processes. The breadth of cognitive processes involved in the reading of tabulated information provides the basis for drawing similarities with the problems of…

This paper explores the various options available for dealing with the demands and costs of communication in a world of many languages. Globalization has increased the demand for language services necessary to accomplish effective communication. It is argued that the day is not far off when the complications, costs, and inequalities of language…

This article examines literature on deaf interpreting in school settings and reviews guidelines for educational interpreters from 15 school districts, noting discrepancies between guideline recommendations, what actually occurs in classrooms, and what research has found concerning: (1) production of the message by the interpreter; (2) reception of…