Challenging behaviors are considered predictors of poor outcomes and children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at increased risk for such behaviors. There is limited research on how the functions of such behaviors and intervention strategies aimed at reducing them may differ by context. Using a researcher-designed survey, this study…

Cooney, Shealy, and Arvold (1998) wrote a widely-cited paper that described four belief structures of prospective teachers and argued the structures can aid in describing the ways beliefs change and the influence of authority on the individual. In this paper, we investigate the impact of this manuscript on the field. We first conducted a…

Marital processes in early marriage are important for understanding couples' future marital quality. Spouses' attributions about a partner's behavior have been linked to marital quality, yet the mechanisms underlying this association remain largely unknown. When we used couple data from the Family Transitions Project (N = 280 couples) across the…

Objective: Predictors of action-control profiles are useful targets for health behaviour change interventions, but action-control research has not focused on fruit consumption and has not yet included need for affect and need for cognition, despite the demonstrated usefulness of these variables in a broad range of research. The role of these…

An initial evaluation of the utility of designing an intervention to address neuroscience-based subtyping of children who have conduct problems was undertaken in this pilot study. Drawing on the literature on callous-unemotional traits, a novel intervention programme, "Let's Get Smart", was implemented in a school for children with…

This article introduces an approach to tailoring behavior-change campaigns to target populations using the example of solid waste reduction in Santiago de Cuba. Tailoring is performed in the following steps: (1) Psychological constructs are selected to detect problems in performing the target behavior, and data are gathered on these constructs.…

The ACT Against Violence Parents Raising Safe Kids program (ACT-PRSK) is an interactive violence prevention program developed by the American Psychological Association for parents of young children. The program teaches and supports parents in the areas of child development, roots and consequences of violence, anger management for adults and…

Investigated whether men (N=14) between ages 30 and 50 were able to increase their level of affective expressiveness as measured by both self-report and behavioral tests after participation in multimodal group intervention based on Social Learning Theory principles and targeted at changing expressiveness. Found men learned to express feelings…

The paper examines ways to help learning disabled (LD) adolescents adjust to the fact that they have learning disabilities. Underlying assumptions, such as the belief that learning disabilties are lifelong and affect social and psychological aspects, are reviewed. The importance of blending attitude and techniques in working with LD adolescents is…

Anxious students were randomly assigned to a wait-list control group; to three groups aided by experienced behavior therapists; or to three groups led by paraprofessionals. Results show paraprofessionals can achieve outcome and maintenance effects equivalent to more rigorously trained professionals. Paraprofessionals can conduct desensitization in…

In schools throughout the country, education personnel express concern over the aggressive and antisocial behavior of children and youth. The frequency and severity of these acts compel us to find more effective strategies for decreasing and eliminating these behaviors. In this article, we argue for a broader explanation of the nature and…

The Child Development & Behavior (CDB) Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) seeks to improve the health and well-being of individuals from infancy through early adulthood by supporting research into healthy growth and development, including all aspects of child development. The study of typical child…

This article points out some areas of possible confrontation for the counselor which may be helpful in the counseling process, but which will also involve somewhat lesser degrees of risk for the counselor who is less certain of his or her skills in this area. (Author)

A more lasting change in smoking behavior and attitude results from a smoking intervention program that uses affective educational activities such as values clarification and discussions pertaining to feelings and emotions as they relate to cigarette smoking. (MM)

A curriculum has been designed to teach the following 5 components of motivation to achieve in school: (1) affective, or enjoying school, (2) conceptual, or seeing oneself as a learner, (3) purposive, or goal setting, (4) instrumental, or actively moving toward goal attainment, and (5) evaluative, or self-assessing progress toward goals. Field…