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Metcalfe, Lindsay A.; Harvey, Elizabeth A.; Laws, Holly B. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2013
Existing research suggests that there is a relation between academic/cognitive deficits and externalizing behavior in young children, but the direction of this relation is unclear. The present study tested competing models of the relation between academic/cognitive functioning and behavior problems during early childhood. Participants were 221…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Cognitive Ability, Academic Ability, Behavior Problems
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de Kwaadsteniet, Leontien; Hagmayer, York; Krol, Nicole P. C. M.; Witteman, Cilia L. M. – Psychological Assessment, 2010
An important reason to choose an intervention to treat psychological problems of clients is the expectation that the intervention will be effective in alleviating the problems. The authors investigated whether clinicians base their ratings of the effectiveness of interventions on models that they construct representing the factors causing and…
Descriptors: Intervention, Causal Models, Psychologists, Cognitive Mapping
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Jo, Booil – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2008
An analytical approach was employed to compare sensitivity of causal effect estimates with different assumptions on treatment noncompliance and non-response behaviors. The core of this approach is to fully clarify bias mechanisms of considered models and to connect these models based on common parameters. Focusing on intention-to-treat analysis,…
Descriptors: Evaluation Methods, Intention, Research Methodology, Causal Models