Time is an important but complex area of learning for students in the primary years. This study sought to develop a tool which would provide a clear picture of students' understanding of what constitutes time and how time is related to clock and calendar use. Four major components of time, Awareness of time, Succession, Duration, and Measurement…

The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics's "Principles to Actions" (NCTM, 2014) cites posing purposeful questions and eliciting and using evidence of student thinking as effective mathematics teaching practices. Interviewing students creates opportunities for teachers to develop these practices. Through interviewing, they can try…

In recent years, many states have adopted policies to ensure students are reading proficiently by third grade. This kind of policy transfer across states is not a unique phenomenon; researchers have documented analogous proliferations of similar policies both in and outside the field of education. However, there has been little attention paid to…

In recent years, many states have adopted policies to ensure students are reading proficiently by third grade. This kind of policy transfer across states is not a unique phenomenon; researchers have documented analogous proliferations of similar policies both in and outside the field of education. However, there has been little attention paid to…

A 7-month mathematics proficiency program was conducted in a primary Australian Indigenous community school. This paper focuses on outlining the specific methodologies employed to explore how students' mathematical proficiency changed throughout the implementation of the program in Years 2 to 4 (~ 7 to 9 years old). A mixed methods research design…

Standards-Based Grading is being implemented in every corner of education. Schools that take on this type of implementation progress through an extensive change in mindset. With any extensive change, it is preferable that the outcomes match the effort put in. This qualitative research examined the perceptions of four elementary classroom teachers…

The purpose of this multiple-case study was to explore and describe intentional spiritual formation practices used with third and fourth grade students enrolled in Association for Christian Schools International (ACSI) member schools. The study took place in four elementary school settings in two different states, using a replication design with…

Investigating scientific reasoning comprehensively with large sample sizes is a challenge, especially in young children where there is little evidence showing that paper-and-pencil instruments can be used to reliably measure competencies. The present study with 122 third graders compares three test modalities: an established interview (Science-K…

School-related gender-based violence (SRGBV) remains difficult to measure because of high sensitivity and response bias. However, most SRGBV measurement relies on face-to-face (FTF) survey administration, which is susceptible to increased social desirability bias. Widely used in research on sensitive topics, Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview…

Presently in Malta, 'learning outcomes' have become a new focus in education, replacing traditional subject syllabi. The difference between the two is that while syllabi are phrased in a way that foregrounds subject content, a learning outcomes approach gives precedence to individual students' learning. For Grade 3 upwards (ages 8+ years), the…

Questioning has an important role in teaching mathematics. There is current research about questioning, especially related to class discussion and students' responses. Some researchers suggest teachers pose any kind of questions in mathematics classroom regarding problem solving and mathematical creativity. This research focused on a teacher's…

This study explores the outcomes of policy implementation from the perspective of the policy makers and the educators who are charged with implementation, specifically examining the decision-making process for district leaders during implementation. The study identifies the outcomes from the perspective of the policy-maker utilizing accountability…

This study examines how third-graders' conceptions about the origin of species are affected by formal instruction and whether children can learn not only about evolution but also about natural selection. We interviewed the same group of third-grade children (8-9 years old) twice, before and after following a curriculum about these topics.…

Attitudes and biases toward body size perceived as fat and body size perceived as thin are present in young children (Cramer and Steinwert in "J Appl Dev Psychol" 19(3):429-451, 1998; Worobey and Worobey in "Body Image" 11:171-174, 2014). However, the information children have regarding body size and ways to modify body size…

What purposes might literary translation serve in the K-12 classroom? In this article, I use practitioner research to explore a heritage language poetry translation project I taught with third and fourth grade multi- and monolingual students in a suburban independent school. Students interviewed family members about their heritage languages,…