Seven steps describe the process of building and using a survey: (1) establishing the target group, (2) building survey questions, (3) using the card method, (4) conducting the survey interview, (5) analyzing survey results, (6) involving line management, and (7) appraising the approach. A sample survey form is included. (Author/MW)

Suggests three stages to proposal writing that will help increase the writer's success rate and help in writing proposals faster: interview the reader/buyer; write a "yellow-pad" proposal; and use a guide for proposal writing. Also discusses how to organize a proposal. (CT)

Discusses the appraisal interview as a technique for assessing employee performance. It first covers the organizational benefits of appraising employee job performance; then, using an appraisal behavior model as the basis, describes four ways to conduct an appraisal interview, with emphasis on the most effective. (EM)

Presents a contingency model for decision making with regard to needs analysis methods. Focus is on 12 methods with brief discussion of their defining characteristics and some operational guidelines for their use. (JOW)