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Appelbaum, Steven H.; Delage, Claude; Labib, Nadia; Gault, George – Career Development International, 1997
Downsizing can result in remaining staff developing "survivor syndrome," experiencing low morale, stress, and other psychosocial problems. If downsizing is necessary, precautions include managing perceptions and communications and empowering employees to take career ownership. (SK)
Descriptors: Corporations, Emotional Response, Employee Attitudes, Employer Employee Relationship

Appelbaum, Steven H.; Lavigne-Schmidt, Suzanne; Peytchev, Mihail; Shapiro, Barbara – Journal of Management Development, 1999
Review of literature on downsizing from 1994 to 1998 found evidence that some downsizing is inevitable and can have positive outcomes (increased efficiency, competitiveness, profits). However, poor implementation by unprepared managers makes the experience worse than necessary for individuals and organizations. (SK)
Descriptors: Administrator Behavior, Cost Effectiveness, Employee Attitudes, Employment Practices