This report looks at the impact of the business cycle on participation in adult learning in the EU-27 using aggregate quarterly country level data for the period 2005Q1-2019Q4. Data come from the EU Labour Force Survey. Although downturns may give individuals more incentives and more time to update their skills and knowledge, their ability to pay…

It is generally accepted that human capital is an important factor in economic growth, but its impact on growth depends on the demand for education and skills on the labor market. Demand for human capital is largely determined by the institutional environment that governs the basic conditions for economic activity. The author expresses ten doubts…

This article draws on information from a study conducted in 2007 and 2008 by the Community College Research Center at Columbia University in conjunction with the National Council on Workforce Education and the National Council on Continuing Education and Training (Van Noy and others, 2008). The study used two key sources of data. First, state…

By 2020, 65 percent of all jobs in the economy will require postsecondary education and training beyond high school. That's a pretty strong statement in defense of the value of higher education in this country. But it will mean little unless the nation's colleges and universities--and, specifically, community colleges--can produce more workers…

On the basis of official statistics, poverty has halved in Ghana over the period from 1991 to 2005. Our objective in this paper is to assess how far this fall was linked to the creation of better paying jobs and the increase in education. We find that earnings rose rapidly in the period from 1998 to 2005, by 64% for men and by 55% for women. While…

This report presents the final results for the evaluation of the New Americans Centers (NACs) demonstration project in Arkansas and Iowa. It focuses on program operations and plans for program sustainability, while highlighting services provided through the demonstration projects in Arkansas and Iowa. It also documents outcomes for New Iowan…

Examines the effects of combined on-the-job and classroom training on the employability of Job Training Partnership Act terminees completing a two-year training activity in Missouri. Although combined program participants' employability was enhanced immediately after the program's termination, this advantage disappeared after one year. Benefits…

In the last 5 years, almost 1.5 million immigrants of German origin have come to Germany. They consider their immigration a return to their homeland. Nevertheless, their social integration is not without problems. Many of the immigrants have little knowledge of German, their values are not related to today's Germany, and Germans increasingly…

Analyzes differences between youth unemployment and unemployment in general. Shows that while market unemployment has been moving downward, youth unemployment has been trending upward. Discusses community services for youth manpower development, schools and job preparation, and recommendations for improving the situation. (CT)

Data from surveys of 2,071 facilities providing vocational services to adults with developmental disabilities were used to analyze: employment placement patterns in sheltered, supported, competitive, or transitional settings; employment retention rates; occupational categories; rehabilitation costs; integration with nondisabled coworkers; effects…

While employment growth has accelerated, allowing unemployment to fall significantly since 2005, many low-skilled workers are still unemployed and the duration of unemployment spells is still long. The introduction of an in-work benefit for workers in low-income households, subject to a minimum of hours worked, could lower barriers to higher…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to consider whether the shift from training to learning is related to employment categories using a categorisation popularised by Robert Reich. Design/methodology/approach: Collation and analysis of existing CIPD research information and assessment of labour statistics. Findings: An examination of the national…

Appropriate Solutions, Inc. (ASI), the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) follow-up data collection contractor for the state of Ohio, reviewed "JTPA: Another Federal Training Fraud," issued by the CATO Institute. ASI found the report exceptionally shallow and unquestionably misleading. The report appeared to be unaware of the mandated…

Over the past few decades, the economic prospects for workers possessing relatively few skills have worsened as the demand for skills in the labor market has increased. Even in jobs that might be categorized as low-skilled, workers require a diverse set of skills to succeed. Many of these skills can only be obtained through schooling or job…

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 replaced Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) with block grants to states, called Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Consistent with TANF's philosophy and goals, Los Angeles Jobs-First GAIN (Greater Avenues for Independence) emphasized job search…