Schools in New Zealand (NZ) have a range of disciplinary options when dealing with challenging behaviours, one of which is excluding students by way of stand-downs, suspensions, exclusions or expulsions. Following marginal downward trend from 2006 to 2015, the numbers of stand-downs and suspensions have been on the rise again since 2016 despite…

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore how 7th-12th grade teachers described their active and passive transfer of the social capital elements of social structure and individual actions to at-risk youths during the reentry process into the general classroom in a Southwestern school district. The theoretical foundation of…

Marginalised and ousted from the New Zealand education system, 70% of youths apprehended for offending and appearing in a New Zealand Youth Court or Rangatahi Court experiencing complex needs are not engaged in education, employment, or training (Oranga Tamariki, Oranga Tamariki. (2020). Quarterly report - September 2020). This article reports…

Adolescent substance use is typically addressed from the perspectives of school personnel (e.g., teachers, school counselors, social workers, and resource officers) who interact daily with students in school settings. Consequences of adolescent substance use in the schools may include suspension or expulsion and possible legal involvement.…

Educators play a crucial role in student skill development; hence this dissertation explores incentive-driven public policies and understands the effect that educators have on students. The first chapter estimates relative contributions of the subjective (supervisor observations and student surveys) versus objective (value-added) evaluation…

A very small number of young people enter youth custody between age 16 and 18 (about 4 in 1000 males), yet the consequences are severe. They spend an average of 7 months in youth custody and such incarceration has been related to negative outcomes in the longer term even if they can establish themselves in the labour market. In this paper, we…

While proponents claimed Response to Intervention (RtI) improved student learning and prevented failure, there was an absence of research in effectiveness. Applying action research within a case study, there was an investigation into the process of reforming and improving RtI within a short-term juvenile detention center in the Midwest of the…

Implementing school resource officer (SRO) programs has been a popular response to school-based violence in the United States (Lynch, 2017). Lynch further posits that there is a growing concern that school resource officers hyper-criminalize trivial student misbehavior, contribute to a culture of youth punishment and control, and are instrumental…

School disturbance laws, unfair disciplinary policies, and law enforcement officers' presence on public school grounds perpetuate the school-to-prison pipeline throughout the United States. The problem is South Carolina's Disturbing Schools Law could be perpetuating a version of the school-to-prison pipeline. The purpose of the study was to…

Nationwide, school principals are given wide discretion to use disciplinary tools like suspension and expulsion to create a safe learning environment. There is legitimate concern that this power can have negative consequences, particularly for the students who are excluded. This study uses linked disciplinary, education, and criminal justice…

This paper discusses the educational experiences of Black transitional males with emotional disturbance (ED) in regard to their postsecondary preparation and relationships with school staff. Black children, males specifically, are facing a modern-day segregation; where at the intersections of race, ability, and gender they are disproportionately…

Studies have found that educational credential attainment could reduce recidivism-- committing a criminal offense after being released from incarceration--by a significant amount (Davis et al., 2013; Lee College, 2019; Northwestern, 2020). Therefore, the philosophy department needed to create a program that would increase high-school-equivalency…

Limited research exists on self-monitoring interventions with incarcerated youth. In this pilot study, we implemented a randomized multiple-baseline design to investigate whether there is a functional relation between self-monitoring and an increase in the on-task behavior of three male students in a secure juvenile justice facility. The…

This paper examines how elementary-aged peers affect cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes from adolescence to adulthood. We identify effects by exploiting within-school and within-neighborhood variation in the proportion of peers with an arrested parent. Results indicate exposure to these peers reduces achievement and increases antisocial behavior…

While prior research on service-learning has established the benefits for participating college and university students, more recent research has attempted to explore the value of service-learning projects for the recipients of the service-learning projects, typically public-school students. This study endeavors to extend this research to a…