Rachlin (2012) makes two general assertions: (a) "To be human is to behave as humans behave, and to function in society as humans function," and (b) "essential human attributes such as consciousness, the ability to love, to feel pain, to sense, to perceive, and to imagine may all be possessed by a computer'. Although Rachlin's article is an…

Provides author comments in response to the papers of Professors Lederman and Ohlsson in "Science and Education," Vol. 4, No. 4, 1995. These papers were in response to the paper "On the Nature of Scientific Thought" ("Science and Education," Vol. 4, No. 1). Includes 19 references. (DDR)

Recommends the use of an instructional strategy that is ideal for examining students' conceptions of the nature of science. Defines cooperative controversy as a situation in which one person's ideas, information, conclusions, theories, or opinions are incompatible with those of another. (DDR)

Argues for the use of the archaeological metaphor as an apt one when examining the historical layers and foundational bases underlying much of the current thought and practice in science education. Suggests some sort of correspondence between archaeological and science education processes. (DDR)

Focuses on the general history, educational developments after 1923 and after 1960, primary science education developments, and a summary of the developments and changes in science education in Turkey. (DDR)

Examines the purpose of scientific teaching, proposes a model for an interdisciplinary approach that can be applied in teaching and in real life, and provides guidelines that can be used in teaching as well as in concrete situations. Contains 46 references. (DDR)

Reviews the history of the epistemological and ontological underpinnings of science education and surveys other selected articles with this theme. (DDR)

Considers the perspective that method is independent of subject matter and that certain areas might be better conceived of in terms of signs and interpretations rather than in terms of objects and interactions. Contains 32 references. (DDR)

Traces the evolution of physics teaching and research in Bucharest and Jassy, the two most important Romanian intellectual centers. Reports on three stages of historical development and selected biographies of Romanian scientists are included. (DDR)

Argues that the organization of cognitive structures for technical domains can be visualized as a network of connected thinkable models. Describes a taxonomy of models that has been developed and discusses the issue of how representations relate to human modes of perception and action. Contains 25 references. (DDR)

Identifies four different types of science stories: (1) heroic; (2) discovery; (3) declarative; and (4) politically correct. Examines the philosophical assumptions that underpin heroic science stories. Considers the implications of these stories in the science classroom. Contains 33 references. (DDR)

Reports on the application of Gowin's epistemology to examples from geological inquiry which yield criteria of excellence responsive to the demands characteristic of geological problems. Supporting this approach is a case study about how geologists apply analogies. Contains 33 references. (DDR)

Discusses how scientific knowledge emerges from social, natural, political, cultural, historical, and economic contingencies of scientific work. Illustrates the advantages of familiarity with research in science and technology. Contains 96 references. (DDR)

Argues that discussing theories, including their origin, development and replacement by other theories, can help students understand both the objective and subjective aspects of the scientific process. (DDR)

Argues that Albert Einstein preceded Karl Popper in formulating the fundamental premises of hypothetism. Presents the original text and ideas from an article published by Einstein in 1919. (DDR)