Introduction: Students of English as a foreign language must possess intercultural communicative skills in order to be able to interpret and discuss the cultural diversity that surrounds them when they use English for communicational purposes. This paper claims, and is based on the conviction, that the development of these skills takes place…

The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal causal relationship among Korean students' past academic performance, self-efficacy beliefs, and academic achievement. The study used an autoregressive cross-lagged model to assess the casual ordering of self-efficacy beliefs and academic achievement in a representative sample of 1177…

While advantages of self-assessment (SA) for young learners of English have been addressed, the factors that could determine the effect of SA have not been much examined. To this end, this study focuses on learners' English proficiency level and examines the effects of SA on three groups of Korean EFL learners with different proficiency levels. A…