This article presents the author's rejoinder to Joachim Singelmann's presidential address on "From Central Planning to Markets." Joachim Singelmann in his presidential address challenged the received wisdom: socialism was doomed to fail; during the market transition all of its basic institutions had to be abolished and replaced by the…

This article highlights the new racial and ethnic diversity in rural America, which may be the most important but least anticipated population shift in recent demographic history. Ethnoracial change is central to virtually every aspect of rural America over the foreseeable future: agro-food systems, community life, labor force change, economic…

Examining relationships between social restraints and economic incentives on individuals' willingness to move, special attention was given to labor force participation relative to social factors. Regression Analysis found age and community tenure correlated negatively with willingness to move; people who were employed or not yet retired showed…

A survey of 505 low-income nonmetropolitan families found that participation in informal work activities was widespread; was not related to poverty status; contributed little to family income on average but helped families weather difficult times; was motivated both economically and noneconomically; and, net of other sociodemographic variables,…

This research focuses on pathways by which national level macro-social transformations are transmitted to local communities. Our case is Hungary where we examine the relationship between post-socialist economic restructuring, widespread industrial dislocations, and urban-rural migration. Using secondary data from the Hungarian Central Statistical…

Examines the roles of demographic composition, education, and industrial mix in explaining metro-nonmetropolitan differences in underemployment. Documents higher prevalence of "discouraged workers," unemployment, and underemployment in nonmetropolitan areas. Shows educational composition is single most important component accounting for…

Finds that rural women in Nebraska, particularly farm women, entered the wage labor force in disproportionate numbers from 1977 to 1985--farm crisis years. Uses longitudinal data on about 800 Nebraska women to examine the effects of marital status, preschool children, age, residence, and educational attainment. Contains 14 references. (SV)

Reviews two recent publications about the revival of rural population growth through net migration into nonmetropolitan areas, focusing on nonmetro population changes, age, educational attainment, labor force participation, occupational and industrial changes, income changes, and housing. Lists 34 relevant publications addressing general…

Analysis of census data indicates that earnings inequality among full-time workers increased in the 1980s. Compared to metropolitan areas, nonmetro economic inequality was greater and was explained better by both neoclassical and restructuring frameworks. Gender and college education accounted for far more earnings inequality than other sources…

Over the 1980-1990 period, employment in producer services industries in the nonmetropolitan United States increased substantially. This growth resulted in the development of "nonmetropolitan growth nodes" in producer services industries. A growth node refers to a nonmetropolitan area that contains a greater than average concentration of…

Investigation centered on patterns and determinants of labor market participation for women living within the economic boundaries of standard metropolitan statistical areas (SMSAs) and those relatively isolated from urban centers. Significant differences were noted. Determinants noted included husband's attitude, marital status, and respondent's…

Uses 1960-1980 census figures to examine patterns of occupational differences between White men and women in 159 nonmetropolitan counties of the South. Finds large and constant sex segregation by occupation but little inequality, as measured by average occupational status differences between the sexes. Contains 70 references. (SV)

Data from General Social Surveys and Census Bureau sources, 1964-94, indicate that nonmetropolitan and metropolitan areas are similar in married women's labor force participation and gender differences in earnings. Nonmetro areas have higher occupational sex segregation and slightly less egalitarian gender attitudes. Gender stratification has…

Identifies socioeconomic correlates of labor force participation by 5,580 Kentucky metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, and farm women. Data (personal/socioeconomic/family characteristics, occupations/industries of women in labor force) indicate family and status are most influential correlates of metro/nonmetro women's labor force participation; status…