During the interwar period, California's labor-intensive agriculture transitioned from reliance on diverse immigrants to preference for Mexicans. Political movements to restrict immigration, the Great Depression, and labor unrest compelled farm employers to search for labor that could be used flexibly and deported easily. To achieve this…

SEVEN ESSAYS EXAMINE THE REASONS AND PRESENT TABLEAUS OF DATA RELATIVE TO THE LOW PRODUCTIVITY OF SMALL FARMS COMPARED WITH LARGE FARMS, THE LOW FINANCIAL RETURNS OF FARM LABOR, AND THE MASS EXODUS OF FARM MANPOWER. THE CHARACTERISTICS, TRENDS, AND SOCIOECONOMIC SITUATION OF HIRED FARM LABOR DURING THE PERIOD 1947-1964 ARE PRESENTED. THE CHANGING…

Migratory farm workers employed in 688 countries in 46 states in 1965 represent a 9 percent increase over 1964. Average earnings for the migratory farm worker in 1965 were $1,737. In spite of the new legislation, which is described, there are additional needs in the areas of wages, child labor, health, education, day care, housing, sanitation, and…

Living and working conditions of the migrant farm worker were investigated to develop corrective legislation and arouse sympathetic public opinion. The report (1) describes characteristics of migrant farm workers and families, (2) itemizes migrant health projects in existence, (3) narrates observations of tours to migrant labor camps, (4) reports…

In spite of recent advances in mechanization, farmworkers continue to be a vital and necessary element in the harvesting of American crops. However, farmworkers, whether migrant or non-migrant, continue to have the lowest annual income of all occupational groups. The overriding concern is one of powerlessness. Farmworkers have been excluded at the…

Effort is made to explain some of the difficulties Mexican immigrant families face in becoming acculturated. Mexican traditions and customs, and changes encountered in the United States are reviewed indicating the effect of migration on the family unit. Discussion includes family life in Mexico with emphasis on the status of Mexican women, family…

According to its president, Marcel Pepin, the World Confederation of Labour (W.C.L.) offers man a way to follow his ideals of fraternity and solidarity within an intellectual framework open to discussion and world-wide point of view. The W. C. L. has tried in recent years to become in particular a mouthpiece for workers in underdeveloped…

The nine units highlight the history, activities, values, and aspirations of the Canadian labor force. The program's purpose is to help secondary school social studies students develop a more objective appreciation of labor and of labor's role in Canadian social history. The first unit, "Union Today," analyzes contemporary union activity…

CALIFORNIA FARM LABOR PROBLEMS INCLUDE LIMITED WORK OPPORTUNITY, LOW EARNINGS, LITTLE ECONOMIC SECURITY, POOR HEALTH, HOUSING, AND EDUCATION, AND UNSAFE WORKING CONDITIONS. REPRESENTATIVES OF ORGANIZED LABOR RECOMMEND ESTABLISHING A STATE MINIMUM WAGE LAW TO COVER ALL EMPLOYEES, INCLUDING AGRICULTURAL WORKERS, AND ALSO EXTENDING FEDERAL STATUS TO…

Agricultural labor and management relations in Arizona were reviewed from the time of the passage of the Arizona Agricultural Relations Act in May 1972 until the ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court in August 1979 that the act was constitutional. Viewing the act as antilabor, the United Farm Workers (UFW) Union fought its passage. Church and Indian…

Farmers and their families continue to provide the largest proportion of agricultural labor, but hired farmworkers are increasingly supplying a greater part of farm employment. This trend is expected to continue in the eighties with the hired labor proportion gradually increasing. Better information, including crucial individual state data on…