This paper considers the potential utility of computer conferencing for the Third World. A brief description of an example of a computer conferencing system, the Electronic Information Exchange System (EIES) based at the New Jersey Institute of Technology, is provided. International discussions on telecommunications and some of the activities of…

Contends that unemployment is an example of market failure. Argues that explaining unemployment from this supply-demand approach is preferable to the traditional explanation that high "real wages" are the cause. Reveals that many prominent economists entered the field because of their concern for the social problems caused by…

A teacher retraining program sends teachers who are certified in low demand areas to Virginia Commonwealth University to get certified in high demand areas. Retraining veteran teachers and the reduction of extraneous teaching positions, along with savings on substitute teacher costs, should save the system nearly $2 million. (MLF)

These Congressional hearings contain testimony pertaining to the passage of the Community Volunteer Service Act of 1983. This bill would amend the Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) program to provide a more concrete mandate for the program; would have VISTA volunteers recruited locally and assigned to projects to alleviate poverty and…

In response to a 1982 request by the U.S. Department of the Army, the National Research Council's Board on Army Science and Technology established the Committee on Army Manpower to investigate the professional environments and use of civilian and military scientists/engineers in Army laboratories. The committee's primary objective was to identify…

The 1977 Navajo Labor Force Survey, an attempt to estimate size and characteristics of the Navajo labor force, uses data from 1,900 unemployed and 1,481 employed adult Navajos on the Navajo Nation, and 438 unemployed and 314 employed Navajos in adjacent towns. Employment opportunities on and near the reservation are severely limited because of…

A digital divide, a chasm between those with access to technology and training, particularly workplace information technology (IT) skills and those without, threatens the economic prosperity of American workers and America's competitiveness. The most effective way to reduce digital disparities is to improve the education and training of the…

Although rural education is entering an era of opportunity in terms of both youth and adult needs, the capacity of rural areas to provide needed educational services may be diminished due to rapid economic and social change, particularly in agriculture. Three federal policies operating over the past two decades have created an unfavorable…

A study was undertaken to arrive at a broad overview of the Soviet training utilization of foreign area specialists. To gather data for the study, researchers examined European, United States, and Soviet publications and interviewed Soviet emigres and U.S. specialists on the Soviet Union. According to these data sources, specialized training for…

A study examined the experiences of some 1.4 million American defense industry workers, displaced in the wake of the Cold War, as a way of reviewing and evaluating national policies toward worker adjustment and re-employment as they have evolved in the 1990s. The study found that the federal government, through the Department of Labor,…

The issue of underemployment (a condition characterized by inadequate hours, inadequate income, and/or inadequate use of skills) is explored in this monograph. The methodology and vocabulary of underemployment are first examined, including a definition synthesis of hours worked, skill utilization, and compensation. The second section provides…

This book provides an introduction to earnings capacity (EC), a measurement of human capital, and its application to a research study of potential earned annual income over a 25-year period. Focus is on qualitative aspects of EC such as race, age, gender and education and its utilization. Chapter 1 is an introduction. Chapter 2 reviews existing…

The Leeds Under-Employed Graduates project was developed to assist higher education (HE) graduates living or working in Leeds, England, who encountered difficulty in establishing themselves in the local labor market. The main project activities were as follows: (1) services for graduates (including graduate career development workshops, assistance…