A common cellular alteration, reduced post-burst afterhyperpolarization (AHP) in CA1 neurons, is associated with acquisition of the hippocampus-dependent tasks trace eyeblink conditioning and the Morris water maze. As a similar increase in excitability is correlated with these two learning paradigms, we sought to determine the interactive…

Managers with positive attitudes toward change are more likely to take part in training laboratories and to utilize the knowledge gained from this training to improve their organizations. (CK)

Fear extinction is defined as a decline in conditioned fear responses (CRs) following nonreinforced exposure to a feared conditioned stimulus (CS). Behavioral evidence indicates that extinction is a form of inhibitory learning: Extinguished fear responses reappear with the passage of time (spontaneous recovery), a shift of context (renewal), and…

It has been suggested that retrieval during a nonreinforced test induces reconsolidation instead of extinction of the mnemonic trace. Reconsolidation would preserve the original memory from the labilization induced by its nonreinforced recall through a hitherto uncharacterized mechanism requiring protein synthesis. Given the importance that such a…

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has a well-established role in the inhibition of inappropriate responding, and evidence suggests that the infralimbic (IL) region of the rat medial PFC (MPFC) may be involved in some aspects of extinction of conditioned fear. MPFC lesions including, but not those sparing the IL cortex increase spontaneous recovery of…

One of the recurrent problems associated with interpersonal, group, organizations, and intercultural training in communication is the assessment of outcomes. An approach is suggested for the evaluation of training and selection of programs utilizing behavioral assessment of participants' communication competence. (Author)

The authors state that organizational development (OD) consultants are reluctant to rely upon instruments because this would diminish their sense of usefulness. They discuss 15 OD issues and conclude that OD instruments must be based on sound principles of behavior and sequenced in a planned way in order to implement organizational change and…

WRITTEN TO PROVIDE INVESTIGATORS OR ADMINISTRATORS WITH A REVIEW OF THE PROBLEMS OF PLANNING, CONDUCTING, OR INTERPRETING STUDIES IN HUMAN RELATIONS TRAINING, THIS PAPER DISCUSSES RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM. PROBLEMS OF SELECTION OF CONTROL GROUPS, TEMPORAL CHANGE IN TRAINING OUTCOME, DESIGN RESTRICTIONS IN OBSERVATION OF…

THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RESEARCH IN HUMAN RELATIONS TRAINING IS PRESENTED IN TWO SECTIONS. THE FIRST PART INCLUDES AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RESEARCH CONDUCTED BETWEEN 1947 AND 1960. IT WAS PREPARED BY LEWIS E. DURHAM AND JACK R. GIBB AND CONTAINS 48 CITATIONS. THE SECOND PART, PREPARED BY ERIC S. KNOWLES, INCLUDES RESEARCH SINCE 1960. IT INCLUDES…

This paper describes some of the military requirements for an assessment technique with which to estimate the effectiveness of the interactions that occur between military assistance program advisors and their counterparts. An experimental criterion of effectiveness, willingness to work together, is described, and estimates of its validity…