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Lee, Gabrielle T.; Xu, Sheng; Guo, Shufang; Gilic, Lina; Pu, Yunhuan; Xu, Jiacheng – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2019
Symbolic play skills are important in language acquisition and child development. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have difficulties demonstrating such play behaviors. Imaginary objects symbolic play refers to play behavior in which children perform play actions without actual objects. Three boys with ASD (3-7 years) participated…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Imagination, Play, Symbolic Learning
Zambrana, Imac M.; Ystrom, Eivind; Schjolberg, Synnve; Pons, Francisco – Child Development, 2013
This study examined whether poor pointing gestures and imitative actions at 18 months of age uniquely predicted late language production at 36 months, beyond the role of poor language at 18 months of age. Data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study were utilized. Maternal reports of the children's nonverbal skills and language were…
Descriptors: Imitation, Toddlers, Prediction, Child Development

Terrell, Brenda Y.; And Others – Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1984
Compared to language-matched normal Ss, 15 language-impaired children were advanced in the level and direction of their symbolic play. However, compared to age norms, the language-impaired Ss evidenced deficits in symbolic play. (CL)
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Language Handicaps, Play, Symbolic Learning
Salsa, Analia M.; Peralta de Mendoza, Olga – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2007
This research investigated the extent and nature of the informational support that enables young children to understand pictures as symbols. Two experiments were conducted using an object-retrieval task. The first experiment varied the amount (complete and no instructions) and kind of information (intended function of the symbol and…
Descriptors: Play, Language Acquisition, Visual Aids, Visual Stimuli

Lombardino, Linda J.; And Others – Journal of Communication Disorders, 1986
Structural play-language relationships and diversity of symbolic play skills were compared with five language impaired and five nonimpaired children (ages 27-39 months). Findings indicated differences in mean length of utterance, mean length of sequence, and quantitative and qualitative aspects of symbolic play. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Child Development, Language Acquisition, Language Handicaps, Play

Thal, Donna; Bates, Elizabeth – Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1988
The relationship between language and symbolic gesture was studied in nine children (ages 18-32 months) who were in the lowest 10 percent for language production for their age. Subjects performed like language-matched controls on a lexical production task. On a syntax-related task, they performed like age-matched and significantly better than…
Descriptors: Child Development, Delayed Speech, Language Acquisition, Nonverbal Communication

Hammes, J. G. W.; Langdell, Tim – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1981
Two studies investigated the presence of precursors of symbol formation in eight autistic children (nine years old) compared to matched retarded children. Results indicated that autistic Ss could form internal images but appeared to be unable to manipulate them in a purposeful and meaningful manner. (Author/CL)
Descriptors: Autism, Concept Formation, Elementary Education, Imagery

Namy, Laura L.; Waxman, Sandra R. – Child Development, 1998
Three experiments examined the relation between language acquisition and other symbolic abilities in 18- and 26-month-olds. Found that 18-month-olds spontaneously interpreted gestures, like words, as names for object categories. At 26 months, they spontaneously interpreted words as names and novel gestures as names only when given additional…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Developmental Stages, Infant Behavior, Infants

McMullen, Mary Benson – Young Children, 1998
Discusses development of symbolic thinking in toddlers as a step in language acquisition and skill development. Examines means of encouraging this symbolic problem solving, such as setting the stage for problems, helping children plan problem-solving strategies, and encouraging children in self-evaluating their skills. Examines development of…
Descriptors: Developmental Stages, Language Acquisition, Language Skills, Literacy Education
O'toole, Ciara; Chiat, Shula – International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 2006
Background: Understanding the relationship between preverbal skills and language development has important implications for identifying communication delay/disorders and for early childhood intervention. In the case of children with Down syndrome, it is well established that symbolic play is associated with the emergence of language. However, the…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Disabilities, Correlation, Age Differences

Shore, Cecilia – Developmental Psychology, 1986
Explores the relations among combinatorial capacities in language, symbolic play, blockbuilding, and nonsemantic action sequences within a sample of 18- to 24-month-old children, as well as assessing the developmental level of a selected subset of concepts. (HOD)
Descriptors: Child Language, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Development, Concept Formation
Play as the Leading Activity of the Preschool Period: Insights from Vygotsky, Leont'ev, and Bakhtin.

Duncan, Robert M.; Tarulli, Donato – Early Education and Development, 2003
Discusses ideas from Vygotsky, Leont'ev and Bakhtin to show how fantasy play acts as its own zone of proximal development that contributes to the development of symbolic mediation, the appropriation of social roles and symbols, and the preschool child's preparation for elementary school. (JPB)
Descriptors: Child Role, Cognitive Development, Educational Theories, Language Acquisition

Goodwyn, Susan W.; Acredolo, Linda P. – Child Development, 1993
Infants were exposed to symbolic gestures from their parents beginning at 11 months of age. In bimonthly interviews, mothers reported their infants' use of gestures and words. Results indicated a smaller but reliable difference between the onset of infants' use of symbolic gesture and the onset of their use of words than earlier research…
Descriptors: Body Language, Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis, Infants
Younger, Barbara A.; Johnson, Kathy E. – Cognitive Psychology, 2004
Infants' understanding of "toy model-real exemplar" relations was assessed through preferential looking and habituation tasks. Results from the preferential looking task suggest that 18-month toddlers are just beginning to demonstrate comprehension of symbolic relations between iconic models and their real object counterparts. Performance of 10-…
Descriptors: Toys, Infants, Habituation, Toddlers

Langley, Pat; Carbonell, Jaime G. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1984
Reviews approaches to machine learning (development of techniques to automate acquisition of new information, skills, and ways of organizing existing information) in symbolic domains. Four categorical tasks addressed in machine learning literature are examined: learning from examples, learning search heuristics, learning by observation, and…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Oriented Programs, Heuristics
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