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Jennifer Hu – ProQuest LLC, 2023
Language is one of the hallmarks of intelligence, demanding explanation in a theory of human cognition. However, language presents unique practical challenges for quantitative empirical research, making many linguistic theories difficult to test at naturalistic scales. Artificial neural network language models (LMs) provide a new tool for studying…
Descriptors: Linguistic Theory, Computational Linguistics, Models, Language Research
Zosh, Jennifer M.; Brinster, Meredith; Halberda, Justin – Applied Developmental Science, 2013
Does making an inference lead to better learning than being instructed directly? Two experiments evaluated preschoolers' ability to learn new words, comparing their memory for words learned via inference or instruction. On Inference trials, one familiar and one novel object was presented and children were asked to "Point at the [object name (i.e.,…
Descriptors: Inferences, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Preschool Children, Language Acquisition

Graham, Susan A.; Williams, Lisa D.; Huber, Joelene F. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1999
Three experiments investigated the developmental progression of reliance on object function versus object shape to extend novel words among 3- and 5-year olds and adults. Findings indicated that children focused on shape, whereas adults focused on function when extending novel words, suggesting a developmental change in the consideration of these…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Measurement, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures

Tomasello, Michael; Farrar, Michael Jeffrey – Journal of Child Language, 1986
Describes a lexical training program developed to teach object, visible movement, and invisible movement words to children at stage 5 (N=7) and stage 6 (N=16) object permanence development. Stage 6 children learned all three types of words equally well, while stage 5 children learned object and visible movement but not invisible movement words.…
Descriptors: Child Language, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures, Comprehension

Naigles, Letitia R.; Hoff-Ginsberg, Erika – Developmental Psychology, 1995
Examined the extent to which maternal linguistic input enabled children to use syntactic bootstrapping. Studied uses of 25 common verbs in speech of 57 mothers to their 1-year olds and 2-year olds. Found that verbs can be used to create informative syntactic frames, syntactic frames can cue appropriate verb class, and multiple syntactic framing…
Descriptors: Aural Learning, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures