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Ares Llop Naya; Eloi Puig-Mayenco; Anna Paradís – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2025
This paper provides fresh insights on how PIs (Polarity Items) in non-veridical contexts (questions and conditionals) are represented in the grammar of multilingual learners of Catalan at different stages of development. It explores how this non-native grammatical system interacts with other previously acquired systems of negation and the implicit…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Multilingualism, English (Second Language), English
Uli Sauerland; Marie-Christine Meyer; Kazuko Yatsushiro – Language Acquisition: A Journal of Developmental Linguistics, 2025
German-speaking children between ages 2 and 3 mostly use the preposition ohne ('without') in an adult-like way, to express the absence of something. In this article we present surprising results from a corpus study suggesting that in this age group, absence can also be expressed using the sequence mit ohne 'with without'. We argue that this…
Descriptors: Toddlers, German, Child Language, Form Classes (Languages)
Sakine Çabuk-Balli; Jekaterina Mazara; Aylin C. Küntay; Birgit Hellwig; Barbara B. Pfeiler; Paul Widmer; Sabine Stoll – Cognitive Science, 2025
Negation is a cornerstone of human language and one of the few universals found in all languages. Without negation, neither categorization nor efficient communication would be possible. Languages, however, differ remarkably in how they express negation. It is yet widely unknown how the way negation is marked influences the acquisition process of…
Descriptors: Morphemes, Native Language, Language Acquisition, Infants
Muhammet Yasar Yüzlü; Simon Mumford – Changing English: Studies in Culture and Education, 2025
This study explores the perspectives of the two authors, who have very different language backgrounds, reflecting the subtleties of first and additional language development. We distinguish between a 'literacy-track' (i.e. starting from written language) and an oracy track (starting from spoken language). We draw on duoethnography for our dialogic…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Ethnography, Dialogs (Language)
Nozomi Tanaka; Elaine Lau; Alan L. F. Lee – First Language, 2024
Subject relative clauses (RCs) have been shown to be acquired earlier, comprehended more accurately, and produced more easily than object RCs by children. While this subject preference is often claimed to be a universal tendency, it has largely been investigated piecemeal and with low-powered experiments. To address these issues, this…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Native Language, Language Classification, Preferences
Anastasia Sorokina; Raymond Mugno – Language Learning Journal, 2024
In L1 attrition research, it's recognized that a previously acquired language can transform under the influence of a newly acquired one. However, the precise L1-L2 relationship is intricate and warrants further study. Some research suggest that L2 mastery might reduce L1 proficiency, while others show that both languages can be maintained. Age of…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Language Acquisition, Native Language, Second Language Learning
Hua-Chen Wang; Andrea Salins; Lyndall Murray; Signy Wegener; Anne Castles – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
Research suggests that bilinguals often have weaker vocabulary in their second language compared to that of monolinguals (e.g., Hoff, 2013). It is thus important to identify factors that may facilitate vocabulary learning for bilinguals. One suggested factor is the presence of orthography while learning new oral vocabulary. The current study aims…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Monolingualism
Virginia Valian – Language Learning and Development, 2024
The first stage of combinatorial speech is better described as variable than uniform. Talk of variants obscures two different aspects of language (knowledge and use) and two different aspects of language development -- acquisition of the grammar (competence) and deployment of the grammar in speaking and listening (performance). Null subjects and…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Language Acquisition, Language Variation, Grammar
Bastian Bunzeck; Holger Diessel – First Language, 2025
In a seminal study, Cameron-Faulkner et al. made two important observations about utterance-level constructions in English child-directed speech (CDS). First, they observed that canonical in/transitive sentences are surprisingly infrequent in child-direct speech (given that SVO word order is often thought to play a key role in the acquisition of…
Descriptors: Child Language, Language Acquisition, Speech Habits, Speech Communication
Mengying Liu; Elaine Tarone – Modern Language Journal, 2024
Chinese immersion programs have been increasingly popular in US schools. However, we have insufficient data on young English-speaking children's acquisition of Chinese as a second language in these programs, and specifically on social contextual variables systematically promoting or hindering Chinese language use. Taking a variationist…
Descriptors: Native Language, Second Languages, Language Usage, Second Language Learning
Alessia Cherici – ProQuest LLC, 2024
Counterfactuals are a type of conditional sentences used to convey situations that do not correspond to reality. Tense morphology is a core ingredient to encode counterfactuals in English and most Indo-European languages. Mandarin Chinese (hereafter Chinese) lacks tense morphology and does not require counterfactuals to be formally distinguished…
Descriptors: Mandarin Chinese, Native Speakers, Language Acquisition, Morphemes
Sibongile J. Mahan; Nkidi C. Phatudi; Matshediso R. Modise – South African Journal of Childhood Education, 2024
Background: Language discussions have historically focused on the power dynamics between dominant and indigenous languages. This has generated discontent and contention on which language should rule the educational sector. The national language policy of South Africa mandates the use of all languages in the educational system. Even though there…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Multilingualism, Bilingual Education, Code Switching (Language)
Ana Laura Gil – ProQuest LLC, 2024
Research on language and cognitive processes in bilinguals over the past few decades has underscored the activation of words in the first language (L1) during comprehension and production of the second language (L2) (e.g., Dijkstra, Van Jaarsveld, & Ten Brinke, 1998; Van Heuven, Dijkstra, & Grainger, 1998; Hermans, Bongaerts, De Bot, &…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Native Language, Second Languages, Psycholinguistics
Daniel Freudenthal; Fernand Gobet; Julian M. Pine – Language Learning, 2024
This study extended an existing crosslinguistic model of verb-marking errors in children's early multiword speech (MOSAIC) by adding a novel mechanism that defaults to the most frequent form of the verb where this accounts for a high proportion of forms in the input. Our simulations showed that the resulting model not only provides a better…
Descriptors: Contrastive Linguistics, Error Analysis (Language), Native Language, Verbs
Laurence B. Leonard; Mariel L. Schroeder – Language Acquisition: A Journal of Developmental Linguistics, 2024
The main goal of this tutorial is to promote the study of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) across different languages of the world. The cumulative effect of these efforts is likely to be a set of more compelling and comprehensive theories of language learning difficulties and, possibly, of language acquisition in general.…
Descriptors: English, Language Acquisition, Developmental Delays, Morphology (Languages)