Negative influences on teaching practices and objectives in modern language programs, caused by certain final examination practices in Sweden, are pointed out and criticized in this paper. The needs of the Swedish student of languages are determined to be related to the use of language primarily as a means of everyday communication. The…

Problems inherent in the teaching of literature in Europe are articulated in this article. A review of Sartre's views, in an early essay, on the place of literature in society leads into a discussion of social structure, anthropology, and politics. The concept of literature as an art form, the problems of psychological identity and maturity, and…