Following a summary of various theories of language levels, a limited number of textbooks are examined according to their orientation toward either a descriptive analysis of the language or encouragement of expression and creativity among students. A bibliography of textbooks, books and articles is included. (Text is in French.) (AMH)

Proposes a pedagogy of French grammar which takes into account the varieties found in spoken French as distinct from those found in written French. (AM)

Describes a teaching method for teaching French which uses samples of recorded oral discourse to familiarize students with French as it is actually used. (Text is in French.) (CLK)

Knowing what, when and how to say something constitutes what sociolinguists call the "rules of speaking." Suggestions for using the three dimensions of language variation--setting, mode and participants--in teaching English to speakers of other languages are offered. Hopefully an awareness of systematic language variation will be fostered. (AMH)

Outlines sociolinguistic data collection techniques and relates them to the language teaching situation. (AM)

Discusses stylistic variation in communication, the elements involved (participants, contact, message, context, and code), and ways in which to incorporate the knowledge of this process in second language instruction. (AM)

This booklet discusses Albania's two main dialects, Gege and Toske. It contains basic rules and emphasizes the phonological and morphological differences between the two dialects. It is intended to accompany a basic Albanian course for adult students that teaches both the dialects. (NCR)

Progress in the teaching of oral comprehension depends partly on the isolation of factors which block comprehension. Research in conjunction with an experimental course in English as a second language led to the definition of errors due to: (1) insufficient knowledge of the language and the cultural context of its use, and (2) a failure to…

From a consideration of variability in language-learner and language-user data, the concept of proficiency is considered in relation to models of second and foreign language learning. Proficiency is defined in relation to four separate dimensions: grammatical well-formedness, speech-act rules, functional elaboration, and code diversity. This…

This paper examines the problem of language development and language growth in the English-dominant Spanish-speaking student who intends to increase his total command of Spanish for the purpose of functioning in that language at a level equivalent to that of most educated Latin Americans. Observations are based on the experiences of…

A role-playing procedure for elicitation of speech acts was designed to study aspects of the communicative competence of second language learners, namely, their language variation with respect to deference when the age and sex of the addressee are systematically manipulated. Sixteen Spanish-speaking adult learners of English as a second language…

Seven articles are contained in this publication. "Bilingual Education vs. Segregation" and "Lau Remedies Outlined" are by Jose A. Cardenas. The former discusses the bilingual education paradox in situations where children are forced to forego the benefits of bilingual education because all instruction is in English, or are segregated in order to…

This issue contains articles ranging from a theoretical discussion of the nature of an international language to an assessment of the implications of teaching a local form of English. The following articles are included: (1) "International English and Language Variation," by M. Lester; (2) "The English Language, Ideology, and…