A comparison is made between the modal verb systems of German and English with an emphasis on the interference caused by slight variations. (TL)

Paper prepared under contract with the Defense Language Institute, English Language Branch, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, and presented to the staff and faculty of the Institute in 1972. (RS)

Describes a device or "game" using 3x5 cards to divide sentences in such a way as to guide the language learner to anticipate grammatical structures; to make him aware that grammar, as well as vocabulary, conveys meaning. (EJS)

Describes the theory of "dependential grammar" and how it can be used in language teaching, specifically in the area of syntax. (AM)

This guide provides information on the Lao language and alphabet for teachers of English to ethnic Lao refugees. Twenty-seven English pronunciation lessons dealing with the particular problems of Lao speakers learning English are included. Lao words are written in a phonetic Roman alphabet. An annotated bibliography of resources is appended. (JB)

This paper examines three ways in which the Spanish imperfect and preterite are theoretically conceptualized and how such conceptions are realized practically in elementary Spanish textbooks. An attempt is made to present the three approaches as constituting a theoretical progression rather than viewing them as isolated treatments of the same…

The purpose of this manual, which contains 183 lessons, is to present a method for teaching English to all non-English-speaking students entering school for the first time. Each lesson is divided into four major sections: "Review,""Teach,""Suggested Procedures," and "Enrichment Activities." Patterns, vocabulary, and sounds to be introduced,…

The following error made by Sudanese students in their written English is discussed: giving the direct translation of relative pronoun plus personal pronoun from the Arabic pattern instead of the relative pronoun. The structure of the relative clause in English and Arabic is also compared. (SW)

An approach to teaching the subjunctive in the foreign language classroom is presented here. Based primarily on the work of the linguist William Bull, the numerous and vague "rules" are reduced to two essential principles that determine subjunctive use. The materials consist of a sixteen-page teaching guide, an outline for student use,…

These supplementary materials for students of English as a second or foreign language consist of 48 recorded conversations in the form of short question-and-answer dialogs. (The vocabulary range is 800-1,000 basic words.) The exercises are designed to develop aural skills; students listen to conversations between a native and a non-native speaker,…

The sequence in which sounds, structures, and vocabulary are presented is important in teaching a second language efficiently. The guidelines given here for the teaching English pronunciation and grammar in the kindergarten are based on that premise. The guidelines are given in four sections: (1) general, for all direct language instruction; (2)…

This booklet is a summary of the material covered during a workshop held for the staff of the Kwethluk Day School in Kwethluk, Alaska in 1966. It consisted of six hourly training sessions focusing on the practical aspects of teaching English as a second language. Included are Robert Lado's "Principles of Language Teaching," followed by teaching…

This supplementary offering for English-as-a-second-language courses was prepared to help isolate and treat most of the "goofs" that students regularly make in speaking and writing English. Each error is presented in its grammatical context, and chapters are arranged on the basis of groups of errors that fall together structurally. Included are…

Writing exercises used as a means of reinforcing language presented and practiced in the spoken medium should include clear cues for the student that can stimulate and guide the writing of connected sentences. Three principles are suggested as being fundamental to the planning and use of effective exercises: (1) focus throughout should be on the…