Local languages which are also referred as mother tongue should be attached to every child as individual. The re-orientation of language due to global influences should not mean forgetting the local language. Globalization and traditions can run simultaneously so that millennial generations are not only proficient in foreign languages, but also…

The 2015 American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (FACES)--also referred to as AI/AN FACES 2015--is the first national study of Region XI Head Start children, families, and programs. Members of the AI/AN FACES 2015 workgroup discussed and provided input on the AI/AN FACES 2015 design, implementation,…

This article focuses on the work of cultural and language maintenance and fortification with Indigenous youth populations. Here, the idea of work represents two strands of thought: first, research that is partnered with Indigenous youth-serving institutions and that prioritizes Indigenous youth perspectives; and second, the work of cultural and…

Africa's educational systems are undergoing a quiet revolution. As these systems move away from working exclusively in the old colonial languages, usually English or French, bilingual schools which use local indigenous languages are springing up in many regions of Africa. This paper points out the historical processes driving the bilingual…