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Direct linkJason A. Whitfield; Adam M. Fullenkamp; Zoe Kriegel – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2023
Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the impact of instruction order on the speech production response when adopting higher effort speaking styles, specifically loud and clear speech. Method: Speech intensity, lip aperture range, and speech rate data were collected from 24 talkers who repeated the utterance "Buy Bobby a…
Descriptors: Articulation (Speech), Speech Habits, Speech Skills, Acoustics
Rankin, Tom – Second Language Research, 2023
Grammar competition has been proposed as a model for second language (L2) acquisition. Variational Learning provides a framework within which to investigate the idea of grammar competition as the model requires a marriage of quantitative properties of the input with Universal Grammar. A diachronic variational model of grammar competition is…
Descriptors: Grammar, Linguistic Input, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Download full textKashiwagi, Kazuko; Ito, Yukiko – English Language Teaching, 2017
Even young EFL learners who have not yet learned L2 grammar will notice language patterns if, when retrieving exemplars ("item-based patterns"), they succeed in making form-meaning connections (FMCs). Item-based patterns, termed formulaic sequences (FS), serve as a basis for creative constructions. Although learners are implicitly…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Junior High School Students, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language)
