The approach adopted can be characterized with respect to three types of problems in interlanguage studies: the choice of perspective, the relationship between learning and communication, and the ontological status of classes of interlanguage phenomena. This description of processes and strategies is based on the learner's viewpoint. Strategies…

Proposes that foreign language teaching can operate as a factor in the formation of interlanguage-specific rules either (1) by presenting the learner with foreign language material which deviates from target norms, or (2) indirectly by triggering off psycholinguistic processes, which in turn lead to interlanguage-specific rule formation. (EKN)

Defines language transfer as a psycholinguistic procedure by which second language learners activate prior knowledge in developing or using their interlanguage. A functional differentiation of language transfer is proposed, according to its activation in learning, reception, and production. (Author/LMO)