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Dye, Cristina; Kedar, Yarden; Lust, Barbara – First Language, 2019
Scholars of language development have long been challenged to understand the development of functional categories. Traditionally, it was assumed that children's language development initially relies on lexical elements, while functional elements become accessible only at later periods; and that it is lexical growth which bootstraps grammatical…
Descriptors: Child Language, Nouns, Verbs, Form Classes (Languages)
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Keevallik, Leelo – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Cataphoric pronouns have been characterized as being co-referential with a word that comes later. Considering that talk is produced in real time, with little benefit of knowing what is yet to come, participants understand cataphoric pro-forms to be projecting more talk. Projection is a crucial interactive resource, as it enables speakers to align…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Interpersonal Communication, Interaction, Word Order
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Chang, Franklin – Journal of Memory and Language, 2009
Languages differ from one another and must therefore be learned. Processing biases in word order can also differ across languages. For example, heavy noun phrases tend to be shifted to late sentence positions in English, but to early positions in Japanese. Although these language differences suggest a role for learning, most accounts of these…
Descriptors: Sentences, Nouns, Syntax, Language Processing
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Sharma, Dipti Misra – Indian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2010
This paper is a very preliminary attempt to look at how languages encode information. Different languages use different linguistic devices. Indian languages encode information morphologically or lexically. This provides flexibility in their word order. English, on the other hand, uses position for encoding information which results in a relatively…
Descriptors: English, Language Processing, Language, Foreign Countries
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Rothman, Jason – International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching (IRAL), 2010
One central question in the formal linguistic study of adult multilingual morphosyntax (i.e., L3/Ln acquisition) involves determining the role(s) the L1 and/or the L2 play(s) at the L3 initial state (e.g., Bardel & Falk, Second Language Research 23: 459-484, 2007; Falk & Bardel, Second Language Research: forthcoming; Flynn et al., The…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Language Research, Second Language Learning, Multilingualism
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Jones, Michael N.; Mewhort, Douglas J. K. – Psychological Review, 2007
The authors present a computational model that builds a holographic lexicon representing both word meaning and word order from unsupervised experience with natural language. The model uses simple convolution and superposition mechanisms to learn distributed holographic representations for words. The structure of the resulting lexicon can account…
Descriptors: Semantics, Knowledge Representation, Dictionaries, Comprehension
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Haskell, Todd R.; MacDonald, Maryellen C. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2005
A number of studies have shown that structural factors play a much larger role than the linear order of words during the production of grammatical agreement. These findings have been used as evidence for a stage in the production process at which hierarchical relations between constituents have been established (a necessary precursor to…
Descriptors: Syntax, Verbs, Grammar, Language Processing
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O'Grady, William; Lee, Miseon – Brain and Language, 2005
This paper offers evidence for the Isomorphic Mapping Hypothesis, which holds that individuals with agrammatic aphasia tend to have difficulty comprehending sentences in which the order of NPs is not aligned with the structure of the corresponding event. We begin by identifying a set of constructions in English and Korean for which the IMH makes…
Descriptors: Cognitive Mapping, Grammar, Aphasia, Sentence Structure
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O'Grady, William; Yamashita, Yoshie; Lee, Sun-Young – Applied Linguistics, 2005
In this brief report, we summarize the results of an experiment on the interpretation of English word order patterns by adult Korean- and Japanese-speaking second language learners. Our results suggest that a direct relationship between a construction's word order and the structure of the corresponding event has a greater facilitative effect on…
Descriptors: Word Order, English (Second Language), Language Processing, Comprehension