Publication Date
| In 2026 | 0 |
| Since 2025 | 2 |
| Since 2022 (last 5 years) | 2 |
| Since 2017 (last 10 years) | 2 |
| Since 2007 (last 20 years) | 2 |
Descriptor
Author
| Christina Stephens | 1 |
| Jessica E. Whittaker | 1 |
| Kirsten M. Hummel | 1 |
| Leif M. French | 1 |
| Nancy Gagné | 1 |
| Robert C. Pianta | 1 |
| Virginia E. Vitiello | 1 |
Publication Type
| Reports - Research | 2 |
| Journal Articles | 1 |
Education Level
| Elementary Education | 2 |
| Early Childhood Education | 1 |
| Grade 1 | 1 |
| Grade 6 | 1 |
| Intermediate Grades | 1 |
| Kindergarten | 1 |
| Middle Schools | 1 |
| Primary Education | 1 |
Audience
Location
| Canada | 1 |
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
| Digit Span Test | 2 |
| ACTFL Oral Proficiency… | 1 |
| Classroom Assessment Scoring… | 1 |
| Preschool Language Scale | 1 |
| Woodcock Johnson Tests of… | 1 |
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Peer reviewed
Direct linkNancy Gagné; Leif M. French; Kirsten M. Hummel – Language Teaching Research, 2025
Within the same learning context, learners' outcomes in terms of oral fluency vary greatly. This study tracked the relative contributions that first language (L1) and initial second language (L2) fluency skill and working memory (WM) made to L2 fluency development. We assessed the performance of French-speaking Grade 6 learners' (n = 47, mean age:…
Descriptors: Language Fluency, Short Term Memory, Native Language, Second Language Learning
Christina Stephens; Robert C. Pianta; Jessica E. Whittaker; Virginia E. Vitiello – Grantee Submission, 2025
Dual language learner children (DLLs) benefit from early childhood education (ECE) and learning multiple languages, but research has predominantly focused on English monolingual children, with limited insight on the ECE and early development of DLLs. This study investigated whether DLLs' developmental assets assessed at pre-k entry (i.e. English…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Second Language Learning
