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Clark, John L. D.; Swinton, Spencer S. – 1979
A three-year study aimed at measuring the English speaking proficiency of Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) candidates on a direct basis is described. A variety of "semi-direct" testing formats (involving test stimuli delivered by tape recording and accompanying booklet, with examinee speech tape recorded for evaluation) were…
Descriptors: Audiotape Recordings, Communicative Competence (Languages), Correlation, English (Second Language)
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Powers, Donald E.; Stansfield, Charles W. – 1983
The increasing interest in oral proficiency during the past decade prompted Educational Testing Service (ETS) to undertake the development of the Test of Spoken English (TSE), a standardized test of speaking proficiency of non-native speakers of English. The test has been validated for the selection of non-native teaching assistants applying to…
Descriptors: Certification, Communicative Competence (Languages), Cutting Scores, English (Second Language)