Although researchers have found strong relationships between first language (L1) skills and second language (L2) anxiety, less is known about how L1 skills in primary school impact L2 anxiety years after L1 has been acquired. Previous research lacked evidence for the mediating role of L2 aptitude and L2 achievement in the relationship. This study…

Research into self-regulating capacity in vocabulary learning is recognized as a significant topic within the second language domain. The self-regulating capacity in vocabulary learning scale (SRCvoc; Tseng et al. 2006) is arguably the most widely used tool for assessing this construct. The common factor model, which is applied through…

The spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) affected almost all countries in early 2020. According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO, 2020), over 60% of students worldwide have been affected by school closures. In such a situation, students' motivation may be a valuable resource to promote sustained…

Given the recent attention to language-domain-specific grit in the field of SLA and the scarcity of research on the antecedents of L2 grit, we proposed a model that links L2 learners' basic psychological needs (BPN) (i.e. autonomy, competence, and relatedness), L2 grit (i.e. perseverance of effort (PE) and consistency of interest (CI)), and L2…