Australian early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings are increasingly linguistically diverse. About 1 in 4 children including First Nations children speak a language other than English at home. However, while many multilingual children thrive in ECEC, those who are not proficient in English at the start of school experience developmental…

A key factor in providing quality education is the main language of instruction (M-LoI). This creates a challenging situation for education policymakers in post-colonial multilingual countries such as South Africa. Language-in-education policies must valorise indigenous languages and redress their exclusion in past education systems while ensuring…

Bilingualism is common in Lebanon's educational system. The national curriculum requires students to learn a second language beginning in kindergarten and to study science and mathematics in that second language in later years. The national curriculum requires that another foreign language be taught by seventh grade. Although Arabic is the…