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Direct linkNewbold, David – ELT Journal, 2009
The major European testing agencies have calibrated their exams to the levels of language proficiency described in the Common European Framework (CEFR). In Italy, where the Framework has been enthusiastically embraced, external exams are now frequently used within the state education system as they are believed to provide reliable, widely…
Descriptors: Writing Tests, Foreign Countries, Certification, English (Second Language)
