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Peltola, Maija S.; Tuomainen, Outi; Koskinen, Mira; Aaltonen, Olli – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2007
Proficiency in a second language (L2) may depend upon the age of exposure and the continued use of the mother tongue (L1) during L2 acquisition. The effect of early L2 exposure on the preattentive perception of native and non-native vowel contrasts was studied by measuring the mismatch negativity (MMN) response from 14-year-old children. The test…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Immersion Programs, Vowels, Monolingualism
Empirical Education Inc., 2006
The authors conducted an experiment during the 2003-2004 school year to determine whether "On Our Way to English" ("OWE"), a product to help elementary students learn to read and speak English, was more effective in a California and a Texas school district than materials already in place. In the California study, 384 English…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Experimental Groups, Second Language Learning, Bilingual Students
Newman, Denis; Jaciw, Andrew – Empirical Education Inc., 2005
The authors were asked to find out whether "On Our Way to English" ("OWE"), a supplementary, text-based product to help elementary school students learn to read and speak English was more effective in a California and a Texas school district than the materials the districts already had in place. They conducted an experiment…
Descriptors: Curriculum Implementation, Instructional Materials, Federal Aid, Interviews