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Olson, Daniel J. – Language Testing, 2023
Measuring language dominance, broadly defined as the relative strength of each of a bilingual's two languages, remains a crucial methodological issue in bilingualism research. While various methods have been proposed, the Bilingual Language Profile (BLP) has been one of the most widely used tools for measuring language dominance. While previous…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Language Dominance, Native Language, Second Language Learning
Tania Ionin; Tatiana Luchkina; Maria Goldshtein – Second Language Research, 2024
This article reports on two experiments that examine the computation of contrastive focus in Russian on the part of adult English-dominant heritage speakers and second language learners of Russian, in comparison with baseline monolinguals. The first experiment uses an acceptability judgment task to determine whether bilingual and monolingual…
Descriptors: Russian, English, Adults, Language Dominance
Nicoladis, Elena; Mimovic, Anastassija – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2022
Bilingual children's dominance can predict a variety of language and cognitive outcomes. The purpose of this study was to test the validity of parents' classifications of 3- to 6-year-old bilingual children's dominance against relative receptive vocabulary scores. In Study 1, the parents' classifications of Mandarin-English bilingual children's…
Descriptors: Parent Attitudes, French, English (Second Language), English
Jennifer Cabrelli; Michael Iverson – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2024
While formal L3 morphosyntactic acquisition research has focused on the roles of the L1 versus L2 during the L3 initial stages, we examine their roles during development. Specifically, we explore whether the L3 (here, Portuguese) revision process after non-facilitative transfer differs whether the initial L3 representation reflects the L1 or L2.…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Second Language Learning, Native Language, Transfer of Training
Gross, Megan C.; Kaushanskaya, Margarita – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2022
Purpose: The current study examined language control and code-switching in bilingual children with developmental language disorder (DLD) compared to bilingual peers with typical language development (TLD). In addition, proficiency in each language and cognitive control skills were examined as predictors of children's tendency to engage in…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language), Spanish, Second Language Learning
Roberto E. Olmeda-Rosario – ProQuest LLC, 2022
This research project sought to explore the influence of English L2 on Spanish L1 in an environment where the L1 (Spanish) is the dominant language. Participants were recruited through voluntary response sampling at the University of Puerto Rico Secondary School (UHS). They completed a language survey on Google Forms that collected general…
Descriptors: Spanish, Language Variation, Puerto Ricans, Language Usage
De Anda, Stephanie; Ellis, Erica M.; Mejia, Nayelli C. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2022
Purpose: This article aims to describe how exemplar variability can manipulate the word learning environment to maximize within- and cross-language generalization in Spanish--English bilinguals. Furthermore, we examined sources of individual variability that predicted word learning. Method: Nineteen Spanish--English bilingual children participated…
Descriptors: Generalization, Bilingualism, Second Language Learning, Language Acquisition
Marks, Rebecca A.; Sun, Xin; McAlister López, Eva; Nickerson, Nia; Hernandez, Isabel; Caruso, Valeria C.; Satterfield, Teresa; Kovelman, Ioulia – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2022
This study aimed to clarify the relations between morphological awareness and literacy skills in Spanish and English in young simultaneous bilingual learners. Guided by theoretical perspectives on the associations between morphological awareness and word- versus sentence-level literacy skills, and their transfer between bilinguals' two languages,…
Descriptors: Case Studies, Morphology (Languages), Bilingualism, English (Second Language)
Mueller Gathercole, Virginia C.; Pérez-Tattam, Rocío S.; Stadthagen-González, Hans; Laporte, Nadine I.; Thomas, Enlli M. – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2019
This study examined Spanish-Welsh (in Patagonia) and Welsh-English (in North Wales) bilingual children's and adults' processing of sentences in which two noun phrases acted as arguments of a verb. The goal was to determine the relative importance of distinct cues to the identification of the subject in the bilinguals' processing of their two…
Descriptors: Spanish, Welsh, English, Bilingualism
De Angelis, Gessica – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2015
The present study examines two factors in relation to English L3 proficiency development and school performance in a third language: (a) parental education and (b) second language exposure within the living community. Participants (n?=?50) are Italian L1 students with German L2 and English L3. All students (eighth grade, 14 years of age) were…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Multilingualism, Italian
Bylund, Emanuel; Diaz, Manuel – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2012
This study investigates the effects of weekly heritage language (HL) classes on first language (L1) proficiency in speakers who arrived in the second language (L2)-dominant setting before the onset of puberty. Two groups of L1 Spanish--L2 Swedish bilingual high school students living in Sweden participated in the study. One group currently…
Descriptors: Heritage Education, Language Maintenance, Foreign Countries, Computer Assisted Instruction
Lee-Ellis, Sunyoung – ProQuest LLC, 2012
Due to their unique profile as childhood bilinguals whose first language (L1) became weaker than their second language (L2), heritage speakers can shed light on three key issues in bilingualism--timing, input, and cross-linguistic interaction. The heritage speakers of focus in this dissertation are Korean second generation immigrants mainly…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Korean Americans, Korean, Second Language Learning

Hernandez-Chavez, Eduardo; And Others – NABE: The Journal for the National Association for Bilingual Education, 1978
Focusing on the distinction between inferential measures of language proficiency and tests which assess language skills more directly, the article discusses briefly various dimensions relevant to language proficiency testing and some of the special problems involved in the testing of equivalent proficiencies. (NQ)
Descriptors: Language Dominance, Language Proficiency, Language Skills, Language Tests
Bye, Thomas J. – 1977
A collection of tests measuring language proficiency and/or language dominance is described; twenty-eight of the tests are commercially available and twelve are available from non-commercial sources. There are no evaluative judgments made. The descriptive information for each test includes: title; author; where to order (or where to inquire, for…
Descriptors: Adults, Annotated Bibliographies, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education

Cummins, Jim – NABE: The Journal for the National Association for Bilingual Education, 1980
Elaborates on cognitive/academic language proficiency and basic interpersonal communicative skills. Discusses assumptions regarding bilingual program exit and entry fallacies and implications for U.S. bilingual education. Argues that failure to adequately conceptualize the construes of language proficiency and its cross-language dimensions causes…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Cognitive Development, Language Acquisition