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Ghadyani, Fariba; Tahririan, Mohammad Hassan; Afzali, Katayoon – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2022
There is a dearth of research on hope in studies of second or foreign (L2) language learning. Therefore, the present research contributes conceptually to a deep understanding of hope for learning English as a foreign language and the ways it may be developed. To do so, an exploratory mixed-methods design was employed. Using in-depth interviews,…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Psychological Patterns
Rubio, Fernando – Foreign Language Annals, 2018
This article briefly reviews the social, political, and economic context that explains the present status of elementary language education in the United States and addresses the challenges identified by recent reports on the state of language education in the United States. Different curricular models of world language education--exploratory,…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Elementary School Students, Immersion Programs