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Direct linkWhite, Michelle J. – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2021
The current longitudinal study set out to investigate the development of working memory and English language skills of 5-6 year old English Language Learners. These English Language Learners are all in their first year of formal schooling and all attend the same school in South Africa. South Africa has a rich linguistic diversity which results in…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency, Short Term Memory
Espi-Sanchis, Gabriel; Cockcroft, Kate – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2022
This study investigated the relationship between balanced multilingualism and working memory. Specifically, it reports on the relationship between balanced proficiency in speaking, reading and comprehension (across three languages), and verbal and visuospatial working memory in young South African adults. Information about participants' language…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Multilingualism, Bilingualism, Language Proficiency
August, Diane, Ed.; Shanahan, Timothy, Ed. – Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2006
Teaching language-minority students to read and write well in English is an urgent challenge in the nation's K-12 schools. Literacy in English is essential to achievement in every academic subject-and to educational and economic opportunities beyond schooling. Compounding this challenge are increasing numbers and diversity of language-minority…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, Language Minorities, Elementary Secondary Education, At Risk Students
