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Empirical Shortcomings of Transformer-Based Large Language Models as Expectation-Based Models of Human Sentence Processing
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Byung-Doh Oh – ProQuest LLC, 2024
Decades of psycholinguistics research have shown that human sentence processing is highly incremental and predictive. This has provided evidence for expectation-based theories of sentence processing, which posit that the processing difficulty of linguistic material is modulated by its probability in context. However, these theories do not make…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, Artificial Intelligence, Computer Software
A Study of the Lexical Complexity of Homogeneous Texts Using Stochastic Modeling and Analysis
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Zhang, Yanhui – Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 2020
This paper takes a system dynamic approach to study homogeneous texts where the dynamics of the lexical richness of such texts over time are of the focal concern. It is hypothesized that the progress of the lexical complexity is driven by how far away this process is from the maximum level of complexity, while is subject to the fluctuations due to…
Descriptors: Difficulty Level, Models, Validity, Language Research
Assessing Tasks: The Case of Interactional Difficulty
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Pallotti, Gabriele – Applied Linguistics, 2019
This article is a conceptual and methodological exploration of a new construct, task interactional difficulty, and of a possible approach to assessing task demands in general. After arguing for the use of 'task difficulty' instead of 'task complexity', the notion of task interactional difficulty is analyzed, first by reviewing previous SLA…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Difficulty Level, Second Language Learning, Native Speakers
Compressing Learner Language: An Information-Theoretic Measure of Complexity in SLA Production Data
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Ehret, Katharina; Szmrecsanyi, Benedikt – Second Language Research, 2019
We present a proof-of-concept study that sketches the use of compression algorithms to assess Kolmogorov complexity, which is a text-based, quantitative, holistic, and global measure of structural surface redundancy. Kolmogorov complexity has been used to explore cross-linguistic complexity variation in linguistic typology research, but we are the…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Difficulty Level, Contrastive Linguistics, Language Research
Irish Orthography: What Do Teachers and Learners Need to Know about It, and Why?
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Hickey, Tina; Stenson, Nancy – Language, Culture and Curriculum, 2011
Irish has significant State support, but lacks a research base to support the teaching of Irish reading. Current approaches to teaching Irish reading are presented, and outcomes summarised. Issues of consistency and complexity in Irish orthography are discussed in light of an analysis of a corpus of early reader texts, and the formulation of rules…
Descriptors: State Aid, Second Language Learning, Decoding (Reading), Irish
Does the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy Predict the Difficulty Order in the Acquisition of Japanese Relative Clauses?
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Ozeki, Hiromi; Shirai, Yasuhiro – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2007
Although Keenan and Comrie's (1977) noun phrase accessibility hierarchy (NPAH) has been shown to predict the difficulty order of relative clauses (RCs) in SLA, most studies of the NPAH have been on European languages. This paper tests the prediction for Japanese. Study 1 analyzes RCs in an oral interview corpus from 90 learners of Japanese at four…
Descriptors: Nouns, Foreign Countries, Mandarin Chinese, Native Speakers