Voluntary shifts of attention are often motivated in experimental contexts by using well-known symbols that accurately predict the direction of targets. The authors report 3 experiments, which showed that the presentation of predictive spatial information does not provide sufficient incentive to elicit voluntary shifts of attention. For instance,…

An investigation of the relationship between the locus of control construct and the tribe, sex, and first language of two groups of southwestern American Indian adults (85 Navajo and 50 Pueblo subjects), as measured by the Rotter Internal-External Control Scale, confirmed the prediction that the groups would exhibit similar characteristics for the…

Internal-external (I-E) locus of control responses and patterns of word association responses were examined among Japanese and American students. The study attempted to place culturally different I-E responses in context by examining superordinate or background cultural-linguistic characteristics via word associations. (Author/APM)