Types of errors Arabs make with definiteness are classified and the rate of occurrence of errors are counted. Sixteen three-hour college-level American history final examinations written by Arabic speakers were examined. (SW)

Offers suggestions for teaching precis writing; advocates stressing the value of the activity as language manipulation, its meaningfulness, the language techniques required, its link with composition, and its appropriateness to the advanced level. (MSE)

Despite the popularity English holds in Germany and the advantage English teaching has over teaching in other countries, students often lack fluency and confidence in their use of the language. The "bilingual" program aims to develop communicative skills and familiarize students with English-speaking countries' culture. The development…

Gives the format of a listening exercise in which students perform two tasks while listening to a dialog: they answer 15 true-false questions and they label the rooms of a house on a plan provided. The dialog was selected for naturalness, predictability, and distribution of reference words. (PJM)

This article advocates use of everyday colloquial English in the ESL classroom to give students the most exposure to the language and the ability to use English as a tool for real communication. (CHK)

Advocates the use of dictation in teaching English as a second language. The steps in preparation, administering and correcting classroom dictation are outlined, and a method of organizing material on a language laboratory tape is suggested. In this procedure, students administer the dictation and correct it themselves. (CHK)

English study in secondary schools in Kuwait is discussed. There seems little motivation for students to study English unless they plan to attend a British or American university. Students are guaranteed job security regardless of academic success. Better teaching material and better qualified teachers could help remedy this situation. (CHK)

The mother tongue should not be used in the classroom. If the student is constantly allowed to translate he will never make the jump into the target culture. Translation is an aim that can be achieved only when considerable proficiency in the target language has been attained. (SCC)

This article suggests that language teachers should be aiming at a proper balance between the two extremes of language "taught" and language "caught." (RM)

Language teaching and learning methods are not satisfactorily developed. This article explores ways in which language instruction and several other disciplines are interdependent. Understanding this intertwining can facilitate learning in all these areas. (CHK)

Proposes an error gravity/distribution factor to give a mathematically consistent evaluation method to error analysis. Such an approach assumes that "seriousness" of error is related to frequency of output and not to notions of degree of communicative difficulty. Distribution of error type is also taken into account. (PJM)

Points out that, although Japanese students of English may be taught proper sound and word stress, sentence stress and intonation are usually neglected. A system of teaching these features is outlined. (CHK)

Efforts to better the school Leaving Exams in English of a large African state lead to the belief that schools should do away with them completely. Where this cannot be done, a thorough, systematic evaluation of reading comprehension, structure, and usage should be combined with productive integrative evaluation. (SCC)

A test instrument which can be economically administered and scored is described here. The test was used for research purposes in Nigeria to measure proficiency in English of Yoruba-speaking students. (CHK)

Types of answers to "yes/no" questions are categorized according to their use of "yes" or "no," use of verbs in the question, use of additional information, and use of affirmative or negative expressions. EFL textbook exercises seldom correspond to real conversation; suggestions are made for improvements. (CHK)